Efficiency Evaluation And Pollution Quota Allocation Of Chinese Iron And Steel Enterprises

With the rapid development of China's steel industry,scholars have begun to pay attention to the research of China's steel industry.However,the research on the efficiency of steel enterprises mainly focuses on the production efficiency.In recent years,some scholars have started to study the efficiency of China's iron and steel enterprises from the perspective of energy and ecological efficiency.However,most of these researches regard the production process of the iron and steel enterprises as a "black box",which is not in accordance with the actual production process of the iron and steel enterprises.Iron and steel enterprises to run the process not only includes the production process,but also includes pollution control processes,and the production process in a dominant position,and pollution control in a subordinate position.In this paper,the environmental technology efficiency of steel enterprises is taken as the evaluation index to investigate the coordination of environment,resources and business growth.Based on the previous researches,this paper conducts relevant researches based on the statistic data of large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises from the statistics of China Iron&Steel Association.Firstly,we calculated the environmental technology efficiency,productivity and energy conservation and emission reduction potential of the iron and steel enterprises with haze pollutants "sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxides and smoke dust"as the unexpected output;Secondly,we constructed two-stage game model of iron and steel enterprises to analyze the iron and steel enterprise production efficiency,pollution control efficiency and two-stage comprehensive efficiency;Thirdly,on the basis of evaluating the efficiency of the iron and steel enterprises,we studied the influence of environmental regulation and other factors on the efficiency of the iron and steel enterprises.Finally,we using the ZSG-DEA model to study the quota allocation of pollutant emission.The main conclusions as following;(1)During the study period,the environmental efficiency of iron and steel enterprises is low,the efficiency between enterprises is difference,and there are obvious regional differences.Iron and steel enterprises have a lot of potential for energy consumption,energy saving and emission reduction.(2)Steel production efficiency is low,the average efficiency is 0.71,large differences between enterprises.The production efficiency of large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises in China slightly increased in 2009?2015,but still has the potential to further enhance.The efficiency of pollution control in steel enterprises is 0.66,and the efficiency of pollution control in 10%of the sample enterprises is less than 0.3.The two-stage comprehensive efficiency of steel enterprises was 0.62,with significant differences among enterprises and significant regional differences.(3)The impact of environmental regulation on the two-stage efficiency of iron and steel enterprises is divided into three stages,showing the "inverted N-type"relationship.The factor endowment structure is significantly and positively correlated with the two-stage comprehensive efficiency and production efficiency of steel enterprises,but not significantly with the efficiency of pollution control.In addition,there is no significant correlation between firm size and the efficiency of steel enterprises;R&D investment is significantly and positively correlated with the two-stage comprehensive efficiency and production efficiency of steel enterprises,but the R&D investment is negatively correlated with the efficiency of pollution control in iron and steel enterprises.Different managers'interest preferences have different impacts on the efficiency of steel enterprises.(4)In this paper,the iron and steel enterprise emission allowance quota is redistributed by constructing the ZSG-DEA model in which the iron and steel enterprises consider the non-expected output.The results show that enterprises with higher efficiency should obtain more pollutant emission allowances while enterprises with lower efficiency and more pollution discharges should obtain fewer pollutant emission allowances.Through the reallocation of emission allowance quotas for pollutant emissions,the efficiency of the entire industry can be effectively enhanced.