Studies On Two Medicinal Plants Cinnamomum Camphora And Euphorbia Helioscopia L.: Chemistry And Bioactivity

China is rich in plant resources and ranks second in the world for plant species.It is an important way of innovative drug discovery that we study systematically on the chemical constituents of Chinese traditional medicinal plants and some folk medicinal plants and then discover lead compounds of important biological activities.At the same time,it could provide a scientific basis for the further development of secondary resources.Two Medicinal Plants Cinnamomum camphora and Euphorbia helioscopia L.have been selected as the research object in this dissertation,and their chemistry and bioactiviy have been studied systematically.The main research contents and results are as follows:1.The chemical constituents of the liposoluble contents from different parts of Cinnamomum camphora were analyzed and compared.The liposoluble contents from different parts of Cinnamomum camphora were extracted by petroleum ether and then analyzed by GC-MS.The compounds were quantitatively determined by normalization method.Ten,thirteen and nineteen compounds were identified from branch,leaf and bark respectively.The major chemical constituents of branch were phytol 49.64 %,?-terpineol 7.86 % and nerolidol 7.50 %.The major chemical constituents of leaf were phytol 62.37 % and nerolidol 10.98 %.The major chemical constituents of bark were ?-terpineol 13.45 %,phytol 8.10 %,hexadecanoic acid 7.75 %,eugenol 6.82 %,?Z,Z,Z?-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid,methyl ester 5.90 % and methyl hexadecanoate 5.41 %.Seven kinds of chemical components?7-octen-2-ol,eugenol,?E?-?-bergamotene,?-santalene,calamenene,methyl hexadecanoate and?E,E?-9,12-octadecadienoicacid,methyl ester?were first discovered in this species.The main components of branches and leaves were similar while the contents were different.The species of cortex were more than the branche and leave,and the contents were rich of higher fatty acid and its esters.Higher levels of chemical constituents such as phytol,terpenes,caryophyllene oxide,hexadecanoic acid,eugenol had good biological activities,and we could get them best from leave,leave and cortex,branche,cortex,cortex respectively.The results would provide foundation for further exploitation and use of Cinnamomum camphora.2.The chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract contents from different parts of Cinnamomum camphora were investigated.Ethyl acetate extract contents were extracted by petroleum ether and then by acetic ether.The monomer compounds were separated and purified by combination of column chromatography on silica gel,sephadex LH-20,preparative thin layer chromatography and semi-preparative liquid chromatography.The structures of these compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods including UV,ESI-MS,EI-MS,NMR,CD,etc.As a result that five lignans and one flavanol were got from the leaf,one lignan,one flavanol and one chromone were got from cortex,one lignan and one sesquiterpene were got from branch respectively.One novel compound ZY-5 was reported for the first time and five compounds ZY-2,ZY-4,ZY-6,ZP-1,ZP-2 were isolated from Cinnamomum camphora for the first time.All these increased structural diversity and provided foundation for activity screening.3.The chemical constituents of the liposoluble contents from Euphorbia helioscopia L.were analyzed.The liposoluble contents from Euphorbia helioscopia L.were extracted by petroleum ether and then analyzed by GC-MS.Twenty-four compounds were separated,identified and accounted for 87.93 % of the total compounds.The major chemical constituents were 24-methylenecycloartanol 21.84 %,hexadecanoic acid 15.79 %,lupeol 10.91 %,lupeol acetate 10.51 %,hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester 7.35 %,lupenone 4.20 % and ?-Sitosterol 3.14 %.The results would provide foundation for further exploitation and use of Euphorbia helioscopia L..4.The chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract contents from Euphorbia helioscopia L.were investigated.Ethyl acetate extract contents were extracted by petroleum ether and then by acetic ether.A diterpene ester was separated and purified by combination of column chromatography on silica gel,sephadex LH-20,preparative thin layer chromatography and semi-preparative liquid chromatography,and then elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods including EI-MS and NMR.The results would provide foundation for activity screening.5.The crude extracts of Cinnamomum camphora and Euphorbia helioscopia L.along with parts of isolated pure compounds were screened for bioactivity.The liposoluble contents of Cinnamomum camphora and Euphorbia helioscopia L.showed little activity in vitro against HCT116,Hela and HepG2 whose IC₅₀ were all above 100 ?g·m L^-1 while monomer compound ZQ-1 showed better inhibition whose IC₅₀ were 10 ?g·m L^-1,15 ?g·m L^-1 and 8.7 ?g·m L^-1 respectively.The monomer compounds ZY-3,ZY-5,ZY-6,ZP-1 and ZP-2 showed little activity against A549 whose IC₅₀ were all above 100 ?g·m L^-1.The AchE inhibitions of monomer compounds ZY-1,ZY-3 and ZY-4 from Cinnamomum camphora were 0.00 %,0.41 % and 2.18 % which showed that these compounds had little activity against AchE.The compounds ZY-1,ZY-3 and ZY-4 also showed little activity against PTP1 B whose inhibitions were 2.93 %,7.14 % and 13.78 %.However the compounds ZY-1,ZY-3 and ZY-4 showed week activity against HDAC1 whose inhibitions were 17.61 %,19.66 % and 11.17 %.The regulating action to compounds ZY-1,ZY-3 and ZY-4 showed not obvious to mitochondria for the activities were 105.61 %,110.59 % and 117.51 %.So the screened compound ZQ-1 was expected as anti-cancer precursor compound which was worthy of further study and discussion.