| Applying the sensor technology,wireless communication technology and navigation technology to the research field of moving objects,we can have a convenient access to acquire more kinds of information with higher quality about moving objects to describe them more comprehensively and clearly.In this way,we can further reveal the motion rules of moving objects and research the relationship between the environment and the objects.The acquired data can be divided into different types and each type of data can be regarded as a dimension of data.Each kind of data belonging to the type can be regarded as an attribute.Moving objects are gradually transformed into a data collection of multidimension data.Therefore,the concepts,entity structure and basic characteristics of multidimensional moving objects have been put forward and researched in multiple aspects.The open-pit mining process of energy and minerals mainly relies on large machinery and equipment.The earth moving trucks are major transport equipments for open-pit mining.They are huge and expensive.All kinds of data in the process of movement can be acquired through the sensors installed on the truck and the wireless transmission network in the mining area.The truck has also been a data collection of multidimensional data.The earth moving truck is studied as an instance of multidimensional moving objects in this paper.We research and analyze it in multiple aspects through its multidimensional attributes data.The main research results are obtained as following:(1)The concept,entity structure and basic characteristics of multidimensional moving objects have been defined.Based on the definition,classification,characteristics of moving objects and the existing moving objects models,the concept of multidimensional moving objects has been put forward.And its entity structure has been divided into six entity objects consisting of location information,velocity information,moving status information,time information,moving objects attributes information and external factors information.Each kind of entity object represents a dimension of data which can be further subdivided into many attributes.Finally,this paper expounds three basic characteristics of multidimensional moving objects and the acquisition process,organization and management methods and applied analysis patterns of multidimensional attributes data.(2)The running status discriminant analysis model of multidimensional moving objects has been given to discriminate unloaden/loaden running status of earth moving truck.The earth moving truck of open-pit mine has been regarded as a study instance in this paper.Statistical analysis methods have been used to discriminate the unloaden/loaden running status of the truck.The distance discrimination analysis and Mahalanobis distance have been used to establish the running status discriminant analysis model of multidimensional moving objects by many training samples.The tire pressure,tire temperature,velocity,accelerated velocity and environmental temperature are used as the discrimination factors in this model.The tire pressure and temperature belong to attribute information of multidimensional moving objects,velocity and accelerated velocity belong to velocity information,and environmental temperature belongs to external factors information.A criterion for evaluating has been used to test the model.The results of back substitution and hypothesis testing prove the rationality and validity of the model.Due to the correctness of the discrimiant results for many pending samples,the feasibility of the model can also be proved.(3)The extraction algorithm for 3D road network of open-pit mine has been designed.An extraction algorithm for 3D road network using truck trajectories has been designed,and the motion range of trucks can be represented by the 3D road network.In this process,we make full use of the location information of entity structure for multidimensional moving objects.The installation of GPS antenna on truck has been designed to acquire specific truck trajectories.Other kinds of data have been obtained by the corresponding sensors on the truck.The effective trajectory points can be acquired by preprocessing the data to eliminate stagnation points and abnormal points.The running status discriminant analysis model of multidimensional moving objects is used to classify the rajectory points and judge disturbance points which are close to each other on two-way road.Connect the trajectory points in sampling time order to obtain reasonable intersections.In this way,the number of available points to generate roads can be increased.Grid has been used to divide road generation points.In this way,a part of non-boundary points could be recognized.Alpha Shapes algorithm has been used to acquire boundary points by the rest of road generation points.Then,the boundary points are fitted by quasi uniform B spline curve to generate boundary.In this way,mine road surfaces can be got.The DEM of mining area is used to obtain the 3D road network to represent the motion range of trucks.Finally,the actual truck trajectories have been used to extract the 3D road network to prove the validity of this algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively.(4)Data organization and management of multidimensional attributes data for multidimensional moving objects have also been realized.The spatial data cube of multidimensional moving objects has been designed and completed through requirements analysis,conceptual model design,logical model design and physical model design to realize the organization and management of multidimensional attributes data.According to the actual situation,seven dimensions which include one spatial dimension and six non-spatial dimensions have been designed to represent the entity structure of multidimensional moving objects aiming at earth moving trucks.Three kinds of numerical measure and three spatial measures have been designed to store the centrical values of analytical objects.The grid has been used to design the spatial data cube to refine the mining area and to establish the dimension hierarchies.(5)Motion rules of multidimensional moving objects have been analyzed.In order to analyze the vary rules of velocity,tire pressure and tire temperature in different range of time and space,spatial on-line analytical processing(SOLAP)of spatial data cube for multidimensional moving objects has been implemented by the operational models.And then,the spatial distribution rules of velocity change,tire pressure change and tire temperature change can be obtained.The numerical measures and spatial measures can be transformed between detailed and summarized by dimension hierarchies roll-up and drill-down.In this way,the spatio-temporal changes of motion rules for earth moving trucks can be obtained to provide data support for decision analysis.In order to research the overpressure factors of earth moving trucks,the correspondence analysis model of multidimensional moving objects has been put forward.The model uses tire temperature,tire position,velocity,road grade,environmental temperature and longitudinal slope as research variables which affect tire pressure and the overpressure events data as research samples.The correspondence analysis model of multidimensional moving objects has been completed by R factor analysis and Q factor analysis of correspondence analysis.The reasons classification,influence degree analysis and relevancy analysis can be completed by the distribution picture of variables and samples.In this way,the relationships of each variable and each sample as well as the relationships between variables and samples can be made clear.Meanwhile,the influence degree of influence factors can be determined.In this way,the influence factors can be divided into primary and secondary factors for specific overpressure problem to formulate corresponding measures to reduce the overpressure events and ensure traffic safety of mining area.(6)The open-pit mining management system of multi-source spatial data for moving objects has been designed and developed.The open-pit mining management system of multi-source spatial data for moving objects has been designed through GIS component development and C/S architecture based on SuperMap platform.The system can be divided into support layer,control layer and application layer.Eight kinds of multi-source heterogeneous spatial data consisting of the 3D road network obtained by the extraction algorithm in this paper,the truck trajectories and other kinds of spatial data have been visual integrally managed by the system and the SOLAP has been realized to research the motion rules of trucks.The feasibility of the theories and methods in this paper can be verified by the prototype system. |
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