| A new finishing technology for fabric has been developed for the shortcomings of traditional flame retardant finishing methods for polyester fabrics,such as low flame retardant efficiency,lack of flame retardant durability and damage to the performance of fabrics.Based on the nanocomposites and catalytic carbonization,the layer-by-layer(LbL)self-assembled method was applied to fabricate different components of the flame retardant finishing coating on the surfaces of polyester fabrics.A series of LbL self-assembled coatings containing inorganic nanoparticles,metal ions crosslinked alginate based coatings,intumescent flame retardant coatings and hypophosphite acid crosslinked coatings were prepared.Moreover,the effects of these prepared coatings on the thermal stability,flame retardancy and water durability of polyester and polyester-cotton fabrics were investigated.The main research work of this thesis was listed as follows:1.The coatings composed of four kinds of nano-metal oxides(ZnO,TiO2,CeO2 and NiO)were constructed by LbL self-assembled method on the surfaces of polyester,polyester-cotton fibers.The weight-gains of these four kinds of coatings on the different substrates are similar.Compared with the untreated fabrics,the weight loss rate of polyester during the thermal decomposition was reduced after the treatment of metal oxide containing coatings.The char residue of P-CeO2-8 at 700 ?was improved 11.1 wt%compared with that of the untreated sample.In the horizontal burning test,the char residues of ZnO and TiO2 based coatings modified polyester-cotton fabrics after the test were improved compared with that of untreated polyester-cotton fabric.For the cone test,4 BL TiO2 based coatings resulted 23%and 30%reduction on PHRR and THR of the polyester-cotton B fabric.2.The modified polyester and polyester-cotton fabrics were prepared by utilizing positively charged polyethylenimine(PEI)and negatively charged alginate(SA)together with subsequent crosslinking of calcium,barium,nickel and cobalt ions.Calcium and barium ions crosslinked coatings could effectively delay the degradation of cotton fibers and improve the char residue of polyester-cotton fabrics at high temperature.In the horizontal burning test,there were 13%and 8%improvments on the burning time on the B-Ca and B-Ba fabrics.The char residues of polyester-cotton fabrics were improved after the coverages of calcium and barium crosslinked coatings.Compared with the untreated B fabric,B-Ba resulted 26%and 36%reduction on PHRR and THR in the cone test.Moreover,the results of horizontal burning test for B-Ca,B-Ba and washed-B-Ca,washed-B-Ba were similar,which means that ions crossl inked coatings show good wash durability.3.Two kinds of acids(phytic acid and polyphosphoric acid)were used in combination with polyethyleneimine and melamine to fabricate the intumescent flame retardant coatings on the polyester and polyester-cotton fabrics through LbL self-assembled method.The difference between the two coatings containing different acid was that the coating with polyphosphoric acid grew slower and rougher compared with that coating containing phytic acid.The char residue of B polyester-cotton fabric with 2 BL phytic acid containing coating(B-PT-2)at 700 0C was improved 6.2 wt%compared with the untreated B fabric.The intumescent coating on the polyester and polyester-cotton fabrics exhibited excellent flame retardancy.Even 1 BL or 2 BL coating modified polyester-cotton fabric could be self-extinguished in the horizontal burning test.In the cone test,the PHRR and THR of B-PP-2 resulted 55%and 46%reduction compared with that of untreated polyester-cotton fabric.Moreover,the washed B-PP-2 and washed B-PT-2 could not achieve the self-extinguishing effect.4.Here the oxide sodium alginate(OSA)was synthesized and then the OSA/PEI coating was constructed on the polyester and polyester-cotton fabrics with subsequent crosslinking of hypophosphite acid.The prepared hypophosphite acid crosslinked coating was uniformly dispersed on the surface of polyester and cotton fibers.The presence of this coating increased the maximum thermal degradation temperature of the polyester-cotton fabric in air atmosphere and resulted more char residue.In the horizontal burning test,self-extinguishing in 4s could be achieved for the polyester-cotton B fabric with 5 BL coatings.Moreover,the polyester-cotton B fabric with 10 BL coating resulted 77%and 75%reduction on PHRR and THR compared with untreated sample.The hypophosphite acid crosslinked coating modified polyester-cotton could still achieve the self-extinguishing after 12 laundering cycles.5.Firstly,the polyester fibers were grafted with acrylamide(AM)through the ultraviolet light.Then the hypophosphite acid crosslinked OSA/PEI coating was constructed on the surface of AM-g-PET fabric.Hypophosphite acid crosslinked coating could improve the maximum thermal degradation temperature of polyester fabric more than 30 ? and the char residue was improved at high temperature compared with the untreated sample.In the horizontal burning test,the combination of the grafting of acrylamide and 15 BL hypophosphite acid crosslinked coating could effectively extinguish the fire in 3 s and eliminate the melt-dripping phenomenon of the polyester fabric.Moreover,the flame retardancy of P-UV-15 was preserved after 12 laundering cycles. |
PDF Full Text Request