Research On The TeV Photon And Neutrinos Of The Gamma-ray Bursts/the Gravitational Wave Events

In 1916,Einstein predicted the existence of a gravitational wave(GW)based on gen-eral theory of relativity.Since then,scientists have never stopped the search for the existence of gravitational waves.In the 1960s,after a gamma-ray burst(GRB)was discovered by accident,scientists have been exploring the origin and cause of gamma-ray bursts.Later,after unremitting efforts by scientists,they finally discovered a direct link between Long GRB and Supernova,confirming that long gamma ray bursts o-riginate from the collapse of massive stars.At the same time,Short GRB proposed the hypothesis of a merger of double-densitating stars.However,this view does not have direct observational evidence to prove it until August 17,2017 UTC 12:41:04 LIGO/aLIGO and the Virgo Observatory(Virgo)first observed a gravitational wave signal from a twin neutron star.After 1.7 s,the Fermi satellite detected one in the same azimuth.Short gamma-ray bursts.As a result,the links between high-energy tempo-rary sources such as supernovas,gamma-ray bursts,and gravitational wave storms have been established.The laser interferometric gravitational wave observatory(LIGO/aLIGO)has de-tected gravitational wave signals generated from the binary black hole merger event and the binary neutron star merger.Then for these gravitational wave events,they may also produce a large spatial angular distribution relativistic outflow.Here,we will discuss high-energy photon radiation from such large-angle ejecta.We have found out that if the compact binary star merger event locates in an environment with a relatively high environmental number density,the TeV photons generated by the inverse-Compton process can be detected by the ground-based Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes such as the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies,the Cherenkov Telescope Array(CTA).In the case of binary black hole merger,due to the relatively large mass of the central engine,the energy provided is relatively large,and the density requirement of the interstellar medium for providing TeV photon radiation is not very strict.However,for the binary neutron star merger and the neutron star-black hole merger event,a higher ambient density is required to produce a sufficient TeV photon signal.Therefore,the detection of TeV radiation that may be generated by the compact binary star merger event can impose certain restric-tions on the environment in which these events occur,thus providing certain evidences for exposing the final origin of the compact binary star merger event.Nowadays,we have had a relatively deep understanding of the sources of the gamma-ray bursts,but the physical mechanisms for these stellar mass objects produc-ing such high-energy radiation is not very clear.Some models have been proposed to explain the radiation mechanism of GRBs.Meanwhile,GRBs have been proposed as one of the sources for the ultra-high energy cosmic rays(UHECRs)with energy up to>1020eV.For the gamma-ray burst itself,a large number of high-energy gamma rays and ultra high-energy cosmic rays within a relatively small area,will inevitably inter-act with each other and produce ultra high-energy neutrino radiation.Different GRB prompt emission models have different assumptions for the spatial scale of GRBs,the number of the accelerated electrons and the total energy of the UHECRs,thus lead to different characteristics of the UHE neutrinos.So far,the IceCube observatory is the most effective neutrino observatory in opera-tion on earth,which can detect neutrino signals with an energy range of 1011-1021eV.Since its completion in December 2010,observations of high-energy neutrinos have been carried out for many years.however,IceCube has not yet detected ultra high-energy neutrino events associated with gamma-ray bursts or gravitational wave events.Therefore,this non-detection can impose certain restrictions on the current gamma ray burst prompt emission models.Here,we use the GRBs observed by IceCube in the stacking mode along with the GRB data from swift,Fermi and other stellites to constrain four GRB prompt emission models:the Internal shock mode,Internal-Collision-induced MAgnetic Reconnection and Turbulence(ICMART)mode,the dis-sipative baryonic photosphere and the dissipative magnetic photosphere model.We can conclude that for the internal shock and baryon dissipative photospheric models,the non-detection can extremely constrain the parameter space of the models while the ICMART and magnetic dissipative photosphere model can still fit the non-detection of the GRB neutrinos with normal GRB parameters.Among the IceCube 7-year observa-tions,there are 130 short gamma-ray bursts.We put them together with GW 170817/-GRB 170817A and carry out the same analysis as that of the whole dataset.Then we have the same conclusion of these four models.Finally we introduce the correlation among the isotropic luminosity Liso,isotropic energy Eiso,peak energy Epeak and the bulk lorents factor Γ to constrain the ability of generating UHECRs in different models.