Study On The Temporal And Spatial Distribution Characteristics Of Multiple Parameters Of High Altitude Atmosphere

The spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric parameters has important applications in the calculation of atmospheric radiation transmission,the atmospheric impact assessment and correction of optical engineering,and etc.Study on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the atmospheric parameters in middle and upper atmosphere is of great significance for determining the dynamic and energy budget of the upper atmosphere and the assessment of the space environment of the low orbit satellites.On the basis of the summary of the space-time distribution of middle and upper atmospheric parameters at home and abroad in this paper,we study the space-time variations of the global tropopause structure using the long accumulated sounding data set,the space-time variations of atmospheric temperature and ozone in the near-space and the global distribution of the infrared radiation of nitric oxide in thermosphere using long-term satellite observations.The main research results are as follows:(1)Through analyzing the long-term sounding profile in IGRA data set,we obtain the space-time distribution characteristics and trends of the global H-CPT(height of cold point tropopause,H-CPT)and T-CPT(temperature of cold point tropopause,T-CPT).The global H-CPT increases with the rate of about 220m/decade,and overall the significant cooling rate of about-0.60 K/decade for the global T-CPT.The trends and latitude distribution of H-CPT and T-CPT for each latitude zone are analyzed,the results show that the latitudinal distribution characteristics of the change rate of H-CPT takes on a 'U' shape on a global scale,and the difference of H-CPT among latitude distribution characteristic is reducing year by year,and the change rates of T-CPT are negative values for all latitude zones,and the difference of T-CPT between high latitudes and low(or middle)latitudes is enlarging year by year.(2)By analyzing the temperature profiles of SABER long-term observations,we obtain the global distribution and variations of atmospheric temperature in the near-space,and discuss the influence of solar cycle on the long-term variation trend of atmospheric temperature.The atmospheric temperature shows nearly symmetric distribution between the two hemispheres.The global atmospheric temperature is significantly correlated to the solar activity at the 95%confidence limits above 65 km,and the response value of temperature to solar activity increases gradually with increasing altitude.The mutual relationship between T-CPM(temperature at cold-point mesopause,T-CPM)and solar activity are investigated,the results show that both the T-CPM and its response to solar activity take on a 'V' shape on a global scale.The fluctuation ranges of response of T-CPM to solar activity at middle latitude regions are remarkable smaller than those of equator and high latitude regions,and the solar response fluctuation with latitude at the global scale takes on W-shape.The correlation coefficients between T-CPM and F10.7 at middle latitude zones are higher than those of equator and high latitude zones,and the correlation coefficients with latitude at the global scale take on M-shape.The fluctuation range of response of T-CPM to solar activity and their correlation coefficient for different latitude zones are related values,and the lower the correlation coefficient,the larger the amplitude.(3)By analyzing the SABER ozone data,we found that the mesopause region is not only the kinetic temperature minimum area in the middle atmosphere,but also the maximum region of the ozone Volume Mixing Ratio(VMR)in the altitude range from?25 km to?105 km.The SABER observations demonstrated the existence of ozone holes in the north and south poles,and the ozone hole in Antarctica is larger than that in the Arctic.The ozone VMR shows nearly symmetric distribution between the two hemispheres in the near-space,and its response to solar activity is south-north hemispheric asymmetry.Especially in the mesopause region,the response of O3-CPM(Ozone-density at cold-point mesopause,O3-CPM)to solar activity is strong south-north asymmetry,and the solar response value of O3-CPM in latitudinal distribution decreases gradually from the southern hemisphere to the northern hemisphere.The global interannual variation of O3-CPM,which is in accordance with 11-year solar cycle,is significantly correlated to solar radiation,[O]density and temperature,and is not correlated to the[H]density in mesopause.(4)Through analyzing the NO-IRCR(NO infrared radiative cooling rate,NO-IRCR)data of SABER observations,we present the global distribution and variations of NO-IRCR during 2002-2016 in the thermosphere covering 100-280km altitude.The NO-IRCR and its response to solar and geomagnetic activity show nearly symmetric distribution between the two hemispheres.It is demonstrated that the observed changes in NO-IRCR at altitudes between 100-225km correlate well with the changes in solar activity,and there is a strong geomagnetic component to the NO-IRCR variability between 100 km and?190 km.The influence of solar activity on the variations of NO-IRCR gradually decreases with increasing latitude in the thermosphere,and the influence of geomagnetic activity on NO-IRCR is inverse,i.e,increases with the latitude increasing.For the first time,the response ranges of the NO-IRCR to solar and geomagnetic activity at different altitudes and latitudes are reported.