| Selective reflection is the reflection caused by stimulated emission near the resonance frequency of the atom when a beam incidents on the interface between the transparent medium and the atomic vapor.Selective reflection spectroscopy has the advantages of simple device,high spatial resolution,high frequency resolution,little attenuation for the laser intensity,which has important applications in atomic magnetometer,spectral filtering,the growth of thin film,all-optical switching,atomic dynamics etc.In this thesis we investigate theoretically and experimentally the nonlinear selective reflection spectroscopy at the gas-solid interface.On the condition of monochromatic field and magnetic field,the different responses of the left and right circularly polarized light to the two-level atoms at the gas-solid interface are studied.The selective reflection spectroscopy of two-level system is studied theoretically based on the hyperfine dipole-dipole broadening and non-resonant pump excitation by use of the bichromatic field,using pump-probe technique the improvement of the spectral resolution by the non-resonant pump excitation is obtained,the hyperfine dipole-dipole broadening and the collision characteristics between ground atoms and excited atom are studied experimentally.Based on these study,the Lambda type reflection spectroscopy is investigated theoretically and experimentally when we consider the dipole-dipole broadening.The line shape of V type selective reflection spectroscopy and the saturation effect which is different from Lambda type system is studied,the related experiments are also investigated.The influence of related parameters on the nonlinear effect of gas-solid interface is also studied.The main innovation works are listed as follows:1.We develop the two-level theory of selective reflection,the hyperfine dipole-dipole broadening and the non-resonance excitation caused by pump field are introduced.The dipole-dipole broadening with different temperatures and pump beam powers are studied both theoretically and experimentally when the atomic density is 1014-1015cm-3 and the frequency is near the resonance frequency corresponding to 6S1/2（F=3）→6P3/2（F’=2,3,4）.Further we get that the hyperfine dipole-dipole broadening is a quasi-static broadening.2.We realize the narrower of spectral width by the pump-probe technology.The dipole-dipole broadening is suppressed effectively,and the spectral resolution is improved.The hyperfine structure is observed in the fine structure resolved spectrum.3.We investigate the hyperfine dipole-dipole broadening of selective reflection spectroscopy in the Lambda type system used by Liouville equation.The lineshape is analyzed in different dipole-dipole broadenings,Rabi frquencies of pump beam and frequency detunings.A corresponding experimental study is also carried out,and a dip and two peaks are observed.The experimental results are agreement with the theoretical analysis.This study is helpful for the quantum optics devices.4.We theoretically study the V type selective reflection spectroscopy.Specifically,the saturation effect which is different from the Lambda system are analyzed in detail.The lineshape is analyzed in different pump beam powers,frequency detunings.The experiment is carry out,and the results are agreement with the theoretical analysis. |
