The Theoretical And Experimental Investigation Of Quantum Correlation And Quantum Non-contextuality Based On Optical System

Quantum entanglement is one of the most important,and also,the strangest subject in quantum mechanics and quantum information.In quantum mechanics,it is used to test the correction of the quantum mechanics and the hidden-variable theory.The re-search on the quantum entanglement gives us deeper understanding about the quantum world.In quantum information science,the memory,transportation and processing of the quantum information are all depending on the evolution of the quantum state,and there is no doubt that the quantum entanglement state is one of the most important quantum states in quantum information science.Quantum entanglement has many ap-plications in quantum communication and quantum computation.In quantum commu-nication,quantum entanglement is the essential resource of the quantum teleportation.In quantum computation,the basic operation of two qubits is the control-not(CNOT)gate.The realization of the control-not gate is in fact a processing of entangling the two qubits.On the other hand,quantum entanglement is fragile,it will become degraded by interaction with the environment,that is decoherence.So the research on the evolution of the quantum state in different quantum channels is meaningful.The main results of the dissertation are as follows:1.The first time test the state-independent Kochen-Specker theory in experiment.The argument between quantum mechanics and hidden variable theory appeared since the birth of quantum mechanics.From local hidden variable theory early times to non-contextual hidden variable theory,people still try their best to find experimental ways to test whether the quantum mechanics or the hidden variable theory is correct.For local hidden variable theory,the most famous inequality is Bell inequality,while for non-contextual hidden variable theory,the most famous inequality is Kochen-Specker(KS)inequality.The original KS inequality has so many directions to measure that it is diffi-cult to test in experiment.Recently some one demonstrate that we only need to measure 13 directions to test simplify KS inequality experimentally.We follow their theory,us-ing birefraction crystal beam-displacer(BD)to design our experiment program,finish-ing the test of the state-independent KS theory.We prove that quantum mechanics is correct.2.The research on the evolution of the quantum correlations in different quantum channels.The evolution of quantum correlations in quantum channels is the key prob-lem in quantum information theory.No matter quantum communication or quantum computation,both of them have close relationship to the evolution of quantum state.As a kind of resource,quantum correlations play an important role in quantum commu-nication an quantum computation.In another aspect,quantum correlations will disap-pear due to the affection of the environment,which is negative to quantum information processing,so the research on the evolution of the quantum entanglement in quantum channels is very important.We investigate the evolution asymmetry of the quantum entanglement in quantum channels and get some interesting and useful conclusion.