Study For Reference On Financial Investment Management In S&T Of Typical S&T-developed Countries

Nowadays, management of China financial investment in S&T has stepped into a new era of public finance management. It is undergoing a profound change on many aspects from macroscopic guiding principles to methodology of microcosmic economy technology, etc. It has become important topic to position scientifically and rationally the function of financial investment in S&T on market-directed economy, efficiently support layout&implementation of S&T strategic ideology as well as to guide and motivate social input in R&D, and perfect establishment&development of duel systems with government finance and market S&T investment. Therefore, to enhance management efficiency of China financial investment in S&T and synthesized S&T competitiveness, it is significant to learn from foreign typical management policies, models and experience to propose policy&model of financial investment allocation in S&T which is suitable to current development level of productive forces in S&T.This thesis first starts from theoretical research of financial investment in S&T. Then, it discussed present situation of relevant study both in domestic and foreign countries. It was found that the current study is not perfect and systemic, especially lacks research on theory&practice and quality&quantity determination in new historical era for China present economic development and S&T input as well as under new establishment period of public finance framework.This thesis makes a compound comment on related domestic&foreign researches and carries out an overall analysis on management model and running system of national R&D institutions of typical countries. On basis of the analysis, I pointed that financial allocation systems can be classified as3types; a. Nation-need guided model on basis of program; b. scientific self-control encouraged model on basis of humankind; c. market-oriented model supported by foreign funds. Those models differ from one another; possess their own specialties, which are appropriate for scientific institutes of distinct level and tradition.Moreover, the thesis gives a detailed evaluation on the management policy reform of S&T, management system&model of government financial investment in S&T, total quantity, structure, change characteristics and law of government S&T financial investment&R&D expenditure as well the performance in five typical countries as United States, Britain, German, France and Japan. It points that all representative developed countries have experienced three periods in view of their histories of government financial investment in S&T, that is, from government-oriented investment, duel system managed by government&enterprise to enterprise-directed investment. There into, with the continual improvement of national industrial level, government S&T investment gradually transforms its focus from input in all kinds of scientific activities to those public objects. This situation can be shown in establishment of fundamental research field and basic scientific conditions; as for the activities with competition and interests, are adjusted by market in assistance of preferential policy meanwhile.On basis of the objective characteristics as diversification of S&T input and output, the paper picks the most typical quota to set up a system of performance evaluation, and designs model of performance evaluation with the method of DEA which is based on the CCR-DEA model, CCR-DEA model and super-efficiency model. In use of the three models, the paper calculates, sequences the relative efficiency respectively and has found that China is already close to or beyond the typical technology-developed countries in the super-efficiency of the three models in recent years; China ranks the second place in2008. The result proves that China current management model of investment in S&T is consistent with its development level of S&T productive force in overall.Finally, based on the background of public finance framework establishment, the thesis has a further analysis and explanation of representative problems and causes of financial investment management in S&T, and offers a few suggestions on establishment of funding system which is suitable for public finance management, etc. They are valuable to improve financial investment management in S&T under new situation of public finance.