The Research On The Function And Method Of National Audit To Maintain Financial Security

Financial history of world tells us that the world economy development is often accompanied by formation and accumulation of financial risks. When financial risk accumulates to a certain degree, the financial security will seriously be affected. In2008"Subprime Crisis" which originated from the Wall Street quickly evolved into the rest of the world and turned into the "International Financial Crisis". And in2011the European Debt Crisis once again affected the financial security. As an important part of the national political system, the national audit should play an unique role in the maintenance of financial security according to its independence, authoritative and comprehensive characteristics. Existing articles only study the financial security and the national audit independently. We cannot see the two associated literature more, especially in combination with the practice of China’s Audit. And the case study is rare. This article was based on the practice of the national audit in China, using the method of theoretical analysis and case study, systematically analyzes the impact of China’s financial security risk factors, points out the deficiency of the national audit system and the challenge, and comes up with an idea for the improvement of the national audit comprehensively and from multiple points of view, to make up for the national audit system research of maintaining financial security documents, which has a certain theoretical significance and strong practical significance for the Chinese audit.The first chapter of this article first briefly introduced the topic background and research significance, the related concepts which are defined. And the document of financial security and the national audit at home and abroad is reviewed and summarized, especially the research on the relationship between the financial security and the national audit being carried out. Then the article illustrates the main content of this paper, the structure of the framework and research methods, Finally the main innovation point of this article is briefly illustrated. The second chapter introduces the theory of the financial security and the national audit respectively, and discusses several theories the essence of national audit which are compared. The third chapter clearly points out that the financial security is in the core position from the national audit target, analyzes the role of national audit to maintain financial security functions comprehensively, including comprehensive and preventive, reveal, resist function. And it puts forward the realization of the national audit to maintain financial security path, namely through early warning and prevention, tracking and feedback, supervision and evaluation, deviation and implementation, integration and innovation mechanism etc.In the next two chapters, the reality investigation and case are analyzed. The fourth chapter firstly preliminarily judges that financial operation in China is in a state of "essential safety" from the indicators of our financial system, and analyzes the risk factors which have influence to China’s financial security system, including system risk, structure risk, agency risk, innovation risk, opening risk and regulatory risk. Secondly, it analyzes the development stage and historical role of China’s national audit to maintain financial security. In the end, the article points out the deficiency of China’s national audit system and the reality problem which are faced with. Closely combined with the practice of China’s audit, the fifth chapter analyzes the five typical cases which are conducted by the national audit in recent years related to financial security. National audit both plays a critical role in exposing problem cases of serious violation and plays a constructive role in audit, which promotes institutional system perfect case. And finally these cases are summarized and inducted. Chapter6uses "immune system" and "governance" theories into the national audit practice, points out that the basic goal of national audit is to safeguard the interests of the state of national audit. The core goal of safeguard state security is to maintain financial security. The basis of national security is national interests. How big is the boundary of the financial security, how much space the development of the national audit will have. In the context of the impact of the International Financial Crisis still existing and the domestic systematic financial risk steadily accumulating, the national audit in China should use safeguarding national financial security as the goal and innovate the theory and practice of China’s audit:(1)The national audit should occupy the commanding height of the financial regulation system and play a more constructive role.(2) We should deepen and expand the content of the national audit, improve the comprehensive audit, focus on systemic financial risk, improve the audit of macroscopic to carry out financial supervision performance audit, improve the auditing target to concern about the risk management of financial enterprises.(3) We must change and innovate the way of the national audit, including strengthening the special investigation, providing advisory services, auditing the reach mark, carrying out the follow-up evaluation, giving full play to the advantages of agency, etc.(4) The national audit technology should be promoted and personnel training should be strengthened, including strengthening the construction of informatization to intensify financial computer audit, strengthen security early warning to promote China’s financial safety net perfectly, meet the requirements for security audit to improve the quality of audit personnel. The last chapter points out the research conclusion and the outlook for future research.The main contributions of this paper are such as:Firstly, to deepen the study of national audit theory innovation, the author believes that "public entrusted economic responsibility" theory lays the foundation of national audit history,"immune system" theory expands the function of the era of national audit, theory of "governance" deepens the connotation of the national audit system. Secondly, from the perspective of comparison and development, the article studies in the maintenance of national audit supervision status of financial security and organizational advantage. On the one hand, from the perspective of comparative it studies the experience and enlightenment of the United States, Britain and other western countries audit after international financial crisis, on the other hand, China’s national audit to maintain financial security in reality is studied from the angle of the development. The system risk is the most important factors affecting the safety of China’s finance. And the national audit must occupy the high ground of the financial regulation. Thirdly, the paper goes out of the limitations of the previous national audit boundary theory and puts forward how the boundary of the financial security has, how much space the development of the national audit will have. And the paper systematically puts forward improvement ideas to maintain financial security goals of China’s national audit.