Reserch On Increasing Peasant Income In The Major Grain Producing Area On The Perspective Of Grain Security

Grain security is a means of that the state and government can provide all kinds of grain, including grain which are in sufficient quantity, reasonable structure and quality, to every resident at any time. There are lots of problems threaten the production and supply in our country, such as the decreased cultivated land area, the farmers’ low-income, the young labor moving into the city and so on. In terms of the grain security, we should dig into the farmers’ income what problems are existed and find out the way to increase the income stably. It is significant that the path and method protect the grain security of the developing economies which have a large population.Firstly, based on grain security as the breakthrough point, we use the theories to analyze the grain externalities, the public goods characteristics, the flexibility of the grain security and the cost, which leads to make an realistic thinking on grain security issues. Reviewing and analyzing the history of the relationship between grain security and farmers’ income to find out the factors which are influence the security and farmers’ income.Secondly, we look for some new methods to ensure the grain security and improve the farmers’ income. With this new ideas, we analyze the factors which refers to increasing income in the major grain producing area, including market factors, policy factors, technical factors etc. according to the statistics of1984-2011, we select the actual net income as the explanatory variables per mu of rice, wheat, corn and make a co-integration analysis on the relationship between the productivity gains of the "grain" and its major influencing factors. The results shows that farmers gender has little influence on the grain production efficiency relatively, and there is no significant differences between the level of education and the efficiency of grain production; however, the scale of production, the size of the machine area have higher degree quantization on the grain production efficiency after we made an analysis on the correlation between the efficiency and age, the population of a family and the size of machine received.Thirdly, on the basis of the theoretical and empirical analysis, we discuss the practical effect and the possible paths of China’s major grain-producing areas with the premise of Oensuring grain security. Actually, the level of income of the farmers in major grain producing areas has been greatly improved, but compared to the main sales areas, the lever of per capital net income of farmers is significantly lower; the changes of farmers’income component is the key factor to determine relationship between grain production and farmers’ income. The income is more diversification, which means the dependency of relying on the grain to increase the income become small, and the stability of the relationship between the production and the income may become more lower. But, if the way to help farmer get money is narrow, the dependency will improved; we know that if the major income come from the first industry, the narrow path may lead to the household business income in the main producing areas are lower than in the number of sales areas.The analysis of the article shows that, in the path selection, the safety of the grain supply chain is a comprehensive system of grain security, the structure of the operation mode of the grain supply chain, increasing farmers’income need to strengthen all procedure, such as grain acquisition, sale, storage, transportation, processing, import and export business etc.,it is the foundation for grain security and farmers’ stable income to cooperate and connect these activities; technological progress is the basis of long-term stable income; gradually improve the risk assessment mechanism of the grain and agriculture production and the insurance fund system, complete the input mechanism of the steady growth of major grain-producing areas in the process of grain production and business operation, establish and improve the mechanism of the land circulation mechanism, gradual implementation of land management of larger scale is the system guarantee; build benefit linking mechanism between grain production and operating, develop the integrated operation mode of purchase and marketing, strengthen investment of the asset specificity of grain industry chain in order to maintain the stability of the contract which is a strategic choice for grain security and income; using the experience of the developed countries for reference, it is a realistic policy to enhance the support of major grain-producing areas production, keep the area planted in grain crops stable and improve productivity as the core, adjust financial subsidies and transfer payments, and make the expected revenue of grain production stable as well as not less than the income growth of non-agricultural production.