Research On Governmental Action And Its Evaluation In The Development Of Industrial Cluster

Early in1890, Marshall has discussed the phenomenon of different factories grouped at the same particular area based on external economy in his "Principles of Economics". From then on, the study of industrial cluster began. Especially from1990when Poter connected the industrial cluster with national competitiveness, this issue has caused wide public concern. From the1990s, the industrial cluster has been characteristically form of industrial organization in the world. So do it for China along with the deepening reform and economic development.Lots of theoretical studies and development practice show that:the vigorous development of industrial cluster is important measure to improve the competitiveness of regional economy, and even a country’s economic competitiveness, herefore, many governments have shifted the focus of regional economic to local industrial cluster cultivation and development, and the local government more and more depends on the industry cluster development. But studies and practice also show taht there are inherent defects in the process of self-development of industrial clusters, so government intervention has become an important driving force for sustainable development of industrial clusters. However, government intervention is not always effective duing to the restrictions of objective conditions.There are government failure make government intervention failed to remedy the market failure effectively, and also restrict self-operating mechanism of industry cluster. Therefore, we must define and evaluate the government behavior in industrial clusters clearly and accuratly, which is helpful to enhance the competitive advantage and promote the upgrading of industry cluster, as well as the policy making and perfecting to solve problems during the development of industrial cluster.To this end, focused on government behavior in the development of industrial clusters, this paper mainly research the mechanism of government behavior in the industrial cluster development, position the role of government clearly, and evaluate the government performance in industrial clusters through establishment of index system of, evaluation of government intervention in the development of industrial cluster performance. Whole research include ten chapters. Chapter1is introduction. It mainly discuss the research background of the topic, review and critique of domestic and abroad study, the framework and research methods,etc. Chapter2discusses the theoretical and practical basis for government intervention in the market development, theoretically defines the scope of the role of government and the market. Chapter3analyzes the realistic basis government intervention and in government failure in development of industrial clusters (market failure), clears scope of government intervention in development of industrial clusters and its path selection; Chapter4formulates the principles of conduct government intervention in the development of industrial clusters based on analysis of the basic types of industrial clusters, and further defines the role of government in development process of industrial clusters. Chapter5mainly construct evaluation index system of government intervention in development of industrial clusters. Chapter6empirically analyzes the practice of government intervention in the development of industrial clusters by and taking Xinxiang City, Luoyang City and Zhoukou City of Henan Province for example. Chapter7investigate performance of Xinxiang government intervention with industrial clusters combined with the questionnaire. Chapter8sum up the experience of government intervention in the development of industrial clusters including the United States. Japan, Italy and other countries. Chapter9analyzes the various policy experience, policy absence and policy dislocation of Xinxiang Municipal Government intervention in the development of industrial clusters, and provides the policy thinking for the Xinxiang Municipal Government to further improve the development of industrial clusters. Chapter10summaries the findings of the full text, points out the innovations and deficiencies of this thesis, and puts forward the prospects for future research.Comprehensive full text of theoretical and empirical analysis, we believe that: the presence of market failure of the development of industrial clusters promotes the sustained and healthy development of industrial clusters. However, due to the limitations of the objective conditions, the same as market, government intervention is as not always effective as market. Therefore, when the government intervene development of industrial clusters, it must clearly define the scope of its own role, uphold the basic principles of intervention and utilize reasonable intervention means in order to ensure the effectiveness of its interventions theoretically. In order to study the performance level of Xinxiang government behavior in the development of industrial clusters, we combine the Luoyang, Shangqiu municipal government interfere with the status of the development of industrial clusters, and analyze the behavior of the three governments by building behavioral evaluation index system of government in the development of industrial clusters. The results show that: At different stages of the development of industrial clusters, government intervenes in different degrees. The development of industrial clusters in Xinxiang City is in the relatively stable growth stage. Overall, performance of Xinxiang Municipal Government intervention in development of industrial clusters score higher, government intervention of industry cluster effectively promote the development of local industrial clusters. However, from the dynamic changes, this effectiveness has not been well sustained that fluctuation is obvious in different annual; From the structure, Xinxiang Municipal Government intervention in the field of industrial cluster development is not balanced, that it relatively has a low score in the performance of the market support, capital elements and technical inputs. Through survey analyze of battery industry clusters and refrigeration industry cluster in Xinxiang City, it also proved the above conclusions. To this end, according to the analysis for all the policies and measures of development of industrial clusters by Xinxiang Municipal Government, we believe that, to improve the current situation, besides that continue to adhere to effective policy, Xinxiang city government should improve in the following aspects, such as formulating dynamic policy feedback and evaluation mechanisms, strengthening implementation of the policy, and developing supporting construction for policy system of small and medium micro enterprises, preventing repeated construction of infrastructure, improving the introduction of high-tech talent, training and using mechanisms, establishing statistical system indicators of industrial cluster development, strengthening cluster service platform, etc. In addition, there are some areas to correct, including personnel training mode, selection of key enterprises, strategic restructuring oriented, lack of capacity for independent development of leading industries and leading enterprises, etc. Based on this, we think that in order to optimize the development of industrial clusters, Xinxiang municipal government should adhere to the basic principles of the market-oriented, strengthen the construction of facilities within the existing industrial parks and industrial parks, expand policy support for small and medium micro enterprises, establish career nurturing mode matched with industry chain development pattern, improve policy implementation, establish feedback and evaluation mechanisms of policies and projects, and so on.