The Research Of Cerebral Morphology Between Chinese And Caucasian And Construction Of Large Sample Chinese Brain Templates

The mainly purpose of this study is to construct a set of large sample Chinese brain templates, tissue probability maps, anatomy label template and subcortical nuclei template for use of Chinese brain science. So far, the common brain template, ICBM152template, which constructed by large sample western cohort. Due to the difference of human species, the cerebral morphology will be different between Chinese and Caucasian. In order to find the theory evidence for construct the large sample Chinese brain templates,120Chinese brain MRI data and120age and sexual well matched Caucasian brain MRI data were processed and compared in brain volume and global morphology, the results shown that there are no statistical difference in brain volume between Chinese and Caucasian, the brain of Caucasian is longer than that of Chinese, Chinese’s brain is wider and higher than that of Caucasian. In the top view of the brain projections both Chinese and Caucasian, Chinese brain is more round than that of Caucasian, and the female brain is more round than that of male’s whatever Chinese or Caucasian. To detect the difference of local cerebral morphology between Chinese and Caucasian, a novel callosal analysis method with high precision was developed which based on thickness of corpus callosum. After that, this analysis method was successful used in the research of Einstein’s brain and two different age control groups. The results shown that there are no difference in statistic between female and male whatever Chinese or Caucasian, but Chinese have bigger corpus callosum than Caucasian and thicker in callosal rostrum, genu and splenium, which means that the connectivity between two hemispheres are more closer. The findings of Einstein’s corpus callosum between two different age control groups suggest that Einstein’s extraordinary cognition was related not only to his unique cortical structure and cytoarchitectonics, but also involved enhanced communication routes between at least some parts of his two cerebral hemispheres. The results above indicate that there are differences of brain morphology between Chinese and Caucasian due to the different human species, so if the western brain template was used in Chinese brain research, there need larger spatial distortion during normalization of Chinese brain data, which will be affected the spatial normalization results and the accuracy of functional localization.Some research institutes have did some studies about Chinese brain templates, however these researches of Chinese brain templates all have some limitations. This study point to those limitations and combine the advantage conditions in our laboratory,200healthy Chinese youth subjects high quality MRI data of head from1363subjects data base were random selected, all subjects are right-handed and the Han nationality,100males and100females, age from18to29years old, mean22.97±2.29years old, males and females are well matched in age. The MRI data were processed by the toolbox of SPM8, various softwares and some house made codes, the normalization algorithm of linear and nonlinear were combined and employed. By data processing, a completely symmetrical Chinese brain standard space was constructed, which was not dependent on any individual brain space. This study constructed high resolution T1and T2weighted brain templates, six different parameters DTI brain templates, Chinese brain tissue probability maps use for brain tissues segmentation, Chinese brain anatomy label template for anatomy localization and a Chinese subcortical nuclei template for nuclei localization. Those brain templates are a holonomic series which could be satisfied the need of Chinese brain researches.For test the accuracy with the constructed large sample Chinese brain templates in Chinese brain research, this study processed five healthy Chinese subjects high resolution structure images and task data of functional localization with constructed Chinese brain templates and western brain templates, respectively. The results shown that the Chinese tissue probability maps can correct segment the brain tissues of Chinese brain, the accuracy of segmentation is better than that of tissue probability maps which included in SPM toolbox; the results of spatial normalization and functional localization shown that with this set of Chinese brain templates can accurate normalize Chinese cohort brain into its standard space, the accuracy of functional activity reached or exceed that of western brain templates.In this study, fifteen adolescents with and without generalized anxiety disorder were employed respectively, the MRI structure data were processed by SPM8and the constructed Chinese brain templates for voxel-based morphology analysis, the results further authenticates that the constructed Chinese brain templates are practical and reliable. Three different fMRI data spatial normalization methods with or without the field map distortion correction were compared and analyzed by our constructed large sample Chinese brain templates and brain tissue probability maps, the results shown that there are the unreliable brain regions in the common fMRI data scanning and processing methods, mainly exist in the bilateral poles of temporal, inferior temporal gyri, straight gyri, poles of frontal, margins inferior of cerebel and calvarium, which are near the large airfilled cavities of the human brain. It can increase the reliability of activity or analysis results using "unite segment" method segments the mean functional image by distortion correction of the EPI data and the generated normalization parameter to be used for normalize the functional images into the standard brain space.