Research On Quantum Secure Communication Mechanism In Quantum Relay Channel

Abstract:With the development of the modern computer network, information globalization has become the trend of human development. Protecting the network information security turns into an important issue because of the network characteristics of diversity, openness and interconnectivity. The quantum secure communication is not subject to the threat from the unlimitedly increased computing capability, and thus it provides an effective means to protect the security of network information and gradually becomes a research hotspot in the information security area. Focusing on the research subject of quantum secure communication mechanism in the quantum relay channel, we propose a series of quantum secure communication schemes based on quantum information and communication theory in order to improve the communication efficiency and ensure the security of network communication. The main research contents can be summarized as following aspects.1. Quantum relay secure communication.(1) The quantum relay cooperative communication scheme and its expanding scheme are proposed based on space-time code by applying the relay cooperative communication model to quantum secure communication area. It demonstrates the applications of those schemes on realizing space-time multiplexing and communication security.(2) The design and optimization methods for quantum relay communication system in noisy channel are further introduced, in which we can draw the conclusion that the range of quantum communication can be improved while not to reduce too much quantum signal-to-noise ratio by discussing the noise effects on quantum relay communication. The implementation methods for quantum state sharing and quantum teleportation in the non-maximal entanglement relay channel and hyper-entanglement channel are discussed respectively.2. Secure quantum network communication.(1) We discuss the mechanism of secure multiparty quantum communication for the corresponding properties of quantum network such as multi-user, distributed and secure resource sharing. A MIMO communication scheme based on quantum teleportation is proposed, and it proves that the effects on the communication performance no matter from the phase damping or special noise are both limited. An example for two-user quantum teleportation in non-maximal entanglement channel is presented, which consolidates the foundation for subsequently designing multi-user communication system in the quantum network.(2) The design and optimization methods for multi-data communication system based on quantum relay channel are proposed. It shows that the high security can be achieved even if under the strongest attack, and the communication efficiency can be theoretically increased to be4times of the original value when compared to the existing quantum communication scheme.3. Channel capacity of quantum relay communication system.(1) The structural characteristics of quantum relay channel are described, which can be classified as quantum single relay model, serial multi-relay model and parallel multi-relay model. Several general quantum channel capacities are analyzed with quantum coherent information theory.(2) The "revised Fano’s inequality" is derived by applying the famous inequalities in quantum information theory such as data processing inequality and Fano’s inequality, which has guiding significance for deducing the lower bound of the capacity of quantum relay channel. Thus the lower bounds of the capacities of different kinds of quantum relay channel are derived.4. Quantum signature based on quantum cryptography.(1) A novel multiparty quantum proxy group signature scheme for the entangled-state message is proposed based on the discrete quantum Fourier transform, in order to ensure the exchanged information in the quantum relay channel is unchanged with quantum signature which can be realized in quantum circuits. Then a (t, n)-threshold scheme for the multi-party quantum group signature is presented based on the irregular quantum Fourier transform by revising the quantum signature algorithm.(2) A batch proxy quantum blind signature scheme for multi-data is introduced in order to achieve a large number of quantum blind signatures for quantities of messages efficiently.This PhD thesis includes42figures,15tables and143references.