Research On Real-time Infrared Small Targets Detection And Tracking

With the development of conventional weapons heading towards integration,informationization and remote precision strike, the trends and characteristics aboutinformationization of equipments, automation of platform, remote implement ofdetection, navigation of ammunition, networking of systems, diversify of devastationhas become increasingly evident, these changes mentioned above are proposing newand higher demands on conventional weapons tests. As an important part of the test,measurement of the target missile flight trajectory parameters is the most direct andeffective means used by a firing range to reveal the intrinsic properties and theinherent characteristics of the weaponry, and now this method is facing increasinglyserious challenges. Visible light imaging system is a kind of commonly used opticalmeasurement equipment in a firing range. The visible light images often containclear information about the targets, the flight path of the missile body and its attitudeparameters can be precisely obtained through interpretation, but the images arevulnerable to the impact of weather conditions, and when the targets body imagingsimilar to the color of the background, it is difficult to identify the target from thebackgrounds. With these limitations, it can not guarantee that the visible light imagescan be used to complete the accurate measurement of the flight trajectory parametersof the target missile body.In recent years, with the continuous development of infrared technology, it is increasingly favored by the firing range to use infrared image because of its distancemeasurement, the noticeable ability of capture, and fine adaptability to the weatherand backgrounds. However, when the targets have a far distance with the infraredoptical measure equipment, the image of the targets are small, with weak signals,and are submerged in complex backgrounds, all of these make the detection andtracking of the targets very difficult. Therefore, the question of how to detect andtracking the dim and small targets in complex backgrounds is becoming a technicaldifficulty today. On the other hand, considering the system performance index points,especially when the number of target is larger than one, the real-time implementationis more take pains. so, it is visible that the research on real-time infrared smalltargets detection and tracking not only has an important theoretical significance, butalso has significant practical value.Based on national defense scientific research needs, this paper discusses thedetection and tracking problems of infrared dim small multi-targets under complexbackgrounds. Following the traditional research steps, this paper divide the probleminto three parts study, the pre-processing of image, the detection of the dim smallmulti-targets and targets tracking. Based on the deep analysis of this problem athome and abroad, in the part of pre-processing of image, the latest researchachievement of image multi-scale geometric analysis---Shearlet Transform isintroduced, and based on that theory, a new method in image pre-processing isproposed; To solve the second part of the problem---the detection of small dimtargets, a method based on scale-space theory was proposed. In the last part, analgorithm combine improved auxiliary particle filter with Markov random field isproposed to solve the problem of targets tracking, and simulate multi-tracking modelby using Markov random field. Finally, a multi targets tracking hardware platformusing three DSPs is introduced, through a number of experiments this paper test thetransplantation of the algorithm, verify the correctness and feasibility of the systemprogram and algorithms.