Research On The Construction Of Civil Servants Ethics In Japan

Currently, as an important part of civil servant system, civil servants ethicsconstruction which can ensure the government’s credibility, protect the personalinterests of civil servants, and meet the needs of the administrative objects, has beenvalued and respected all over the world.In Asia, the research on the construction of civil servants ethics in Japan startedearly and has achieved great successes, especially in the construction of civil servantsethics legislation, training system, and professionalism system of the civil servantsfrom the perspective of professional ethics. In contrast, the construction of civilservants ethics started late in our country, but it has made great development in thesethree aspects with its unique advantages. We are supposed to face the deficiency sothat we can improve and perfect the construction of socialistic civil servants ethics inour country. In view of this, the author analyzes the features of civil servants ethicslegislation, training system, and the construction of professionalism system in Japan,and then based on the experience of its pros and cons, this paper makesrecommendations for the construction of civil servants ethics of our country.Apart from the great success in civil servants ethics construction, Japan and Chinanot only have close geopolitical relation and similar Asian culture, but also have manyexchanges in history. Therefore, comparing with the situations in the United States andEurope, experiences from Japan offer a better and easier reference for our country,that’s why the author chooses Japan as the research object. There are two main innovations existing in this paper. The first one is literatureinnovation. Given the relatively fewer domestic study on the Japanese civil servantsethics construction, the author owns more than ten years of knowledge of learningJapanese, not only comprehensively grasps the domestic related research, but alsoreads lots of Japanese literature, including books, papers and the latest survey data.This paper supplements the domestic related research by digging more of theexperiences of Japanese civil servants ethics construction from the perspective ofChinese. The other one is perspective innovation. Going beyond the traditionalone-sided perspective in the existing domestic research, this paper emphasizes theintegrity of the Japanese civil servants ethics construction, and has a comprehensiveexploration focusing on the construction of civil servants ethics legislation, trainingsystem, and professionalism system of the civil servants from the perspective ofprofessional ethics.This article is divided into seven chapters:The first chapter is an introduction. Focusing on the subject of "Study on theJapanese civil servants ethics construction "，the author has a detailed description ofthe research background and significance, which highly summarizes and reviews thereferences both of Japanese and Chinese, indicating the research contents, and proposalof the research methods.The second chapter is the basic theory of the construction of civil servants ethicsin Japan. Firstly, relevant concepts shall be analyzed. Combined with the definition ofJapanese civil servants，the object of this study is defined as Japanese general gradenational civil servants who engaged in the administrative office, and the Japanese civilservants ethics are defined as the civil servants’ action judgment with the basic axis ofthe organizational objective. Secondly, the contents of Japanese civil servants ethicsshall be analyzed. The author highlights Japanese civil servants ethics grouped of fivekey words: obligation, service, loyalty, information management and ethical sanction， and launches the elaboration one by one. Thirdly,clarifying the contents and features ofthe construction of civil servants ethics in Japan. The author analyzes the contents andcharacteristics of the construction of civil servants ethics legislation, training system,and professionalism system of the civil servants from the perspective of professionalethics in Japan.The third chapter is a historical examination of the construction of civil servantsethics in Japan. Firstly, the author analyzes its rising background, which includes thecorruption and malfeasance, the departmentalism, and the loopholes in the exitmechanism. Secondly, the author combs and divides the construction of civil servantsethics in Japan into three stages, including the changes of “administrative role”, thefailures of “informing administration”, and the birth of “ethical discipline model”.Finally, based on the reality, the author summarizes the general layout of theconstruction of civil servants ethics in Japan, and then points out the way how itrealizes the external and internal control to the construction of civil servants ethics bydifferent institutional arrangements.The fourth chapter is the construction of civil servants ethics legislation in Japan.Firstly, parse the meaning and necessity of the construction of Japanese civil servantsethics legislation. Secondly, straighten out the history of the construction of civilservants ethics legislation in Japan. Thirdly, analysis of the experience of theconstruction of civil servants ethics legislation in Japan which includes four aspects,such as a complete civil servants ethics legalization, the strengthened management andsupervision of civil servants ethics legislation, the positive legal awareness of civilservants ethics that notes on the basic position of the learning of "Ethics law".Finally,the author points out the problems existing in the Japanese civil servants ethicslegislation, and briefly raises some solutions.The fifth chapter is the construction of civil servants ethics training system inJapan. Firstly, parsing the meaning and necessity of the construction of civil servants ethics training system in Japan. Secondly, straightening out the history of theconstruction of civil servants ethics training system in Japan. Thirdly, analyzing theexperience of the construction of civil servants ethics training system in Japan whichincludes five aspects, such as training modes with different emphases, definite traininggoals, diverse training methods and contents, and the highly anticipated values training.Finally, the author points out the problems in the Japanese civil servants ethics trainingsystem construction, and briefly raises some solutions.The sixth chapter is the construction of civil servants professionalism system inJapan from the perspective of professional ethics. Firstly, Through the explication ofthe concept and characteristics of the professional ethics and civil servants professionalethics in Japan, the author further confirms the civil servants ethics in Japan as a kindof professional ethics, and summarizes the construction of civil servantsprofessionalism system in Japan up into3specific paths--the construction of the civilservants professional spirit,the civil servants professional ability, and the rules of civilservants professional conduct. Secondly, the author combs the history evolution of theconstruction of civil servants professionalism system in Japan. Finally, the authorcomprehensively analyzes the construction of civil servants professionalism system inJapan from the perspective of professional ethics, objectively pointing out itsexperiences—the construction of professional spirit centered on the civil servantsethical values, the construction of rules of professional conduct represented by the civilservants ethics legislation, and the construction of professional ability constructionstrengthened by the civil servants ethics training. At the same time, the author lists theshortages existing in the construction of civil servants professionalism system in Japan,and briefly raises some solutions.The seventh chapter is the revelation of the construction of civil servants ethics inJapan to our country. The author analytics the basic concepts of the construction civilservants ethics in China, summarizes the characteristics of the construction of civil servants ethics in China，and then points out the problems in the construction of civilservants ethics legislation, training system and professionalism system. Basing on ournational conditions, combining with the advantages and disadvantages of Japan, theauthor makes some suggestions on the three aspects. Firstly, the author raises somesolutions to strengthen the legalization construction of civil servants ethics in ourcountry. We should improve our ethics-related ethics legislation, strengthen the ethicslegal regulation and supervision, and improve the civil servants ethics lawconsciousness. Secondly, strengthen the construction of civil servants ethics trainingsystem in our country. We should pay attention to the civil servants ethics training onthinking and action. Subject to the training modes, we should combine the rank oftraining and phase training together. Subject to the training methods, we shouldcombine the normalization training and daily mutual learning together. On the courses,we should combine the centralized training and self education together, so as to furtherenhance the effectiveness of civil servants ethics training. Thirdly, the author suggestsstrengthen the construction of professionalism system in our country. We shouldhandle our traditional administration ethics values well; build some specific paths suchas Entry Sworn, Ethics Week to strengthen the construction of civil servantsprofessionalism system; scheme the relationship of the construction of civil servantsethics legislation, training system and administrative ethical values well.