The Deviation On The Chinese Bei-construction

The article mainly talks us about the subject of the deviation on the ChineseBei-construction. The deviation includes the deviation on the presupposition、expectand the ICM, it also includes the implicit deviation. Finally, we put the deviation onthe high level construction of the Chinese Bei-construction. Before talking about theChinese Bei-construction, we make a deep research on the distinctions and relationsabout the three concepts of the presupposition、expect and the ICM. On the whole, it′sdifficult for us to make a clear line on the three concepts because of their differentsources. The three concepts are very complex, so we only select the proper methods todeal with it.As about the presupposition, on the basis of the George Yule（1996）′s distinctionbetween the potential presuppositions and actual presuppositions, and also on the basisof his classifications about the potential presuppositions, we make a newclassifications on the potential presuppositions. They are existential presupposition、factive presupposition、 non-factive presupposition and passed experiencepresupposition. In the mean while, we make a difference between semanticpresupposition and pragmatic presupposition by the advertisement、rhetoric andinternet. The semantic presupposition is not under the advertisement、rhetoric andinternet context, but the pragmatic presupposition is. As we make a difference betweensemantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition by the different context, theclassifications about the potential presuppositions are the same as the classificationsabout the pragmatic presupposition. They are not paradoxical. By our research, we find,whether it is the ordinary Bei-construction, or the special Bei-construction about theBei-suicide construction, whether it is the semantic presupposition,or the pragmaticpresupposition, the Bei-construction depends on the deviation in the presupposition. Although some presuppositions didn′t contain the deviation, the sentence implicits thedeviation. But, after all, we should know, whether it is the semantic presupposition,orthe pragmatic presupposition, we can not explain the whole Bei-construction by thedeviation in the presupposition，or the deviation on the presupposition. Some of themmay be explained by the implicit deviation.As about the expect, on the basis of the Wu Fuxiang(2004)、Qi Huyang&HuJianfeng(2006)、Wu Chunxian(2001)、Zheng Juanman(2009)and Han Lei(2009)′s view,we reclassified the expect, they are the deviation on the purpose expect、the reasonexpect、the background expect、the psychological expect、the satisfied expect、thenonrelative-negative expect、the indirect expect、the above-expect and the under-expect.The Chinese Bei-construction is relative to the deviation on the expect, Which allrealize the deviation on the expect by the speaker and the narrative object, but withoutthe deviation on the expect by the listener. The Chinese Bei-constructions are mainlythe deviation on the purpose expect、the reason expect、the background expect、thepsychological expect、 the satisfied expect and the above-expect, a littleunder-expect,without the nonrelative-negative expect and the indirect expect. As it all,the Chinese Bei-construction don′t like the complicated forms, but for the simpleforms, and it also liks to overexpress. The special Bei-construction is influenced by thecanonical Bei-construction, so it contains the full deviation in the metadiscourse andbecomes the nonrelative-negative expect, all that belongs to the deviation on theChinese Bei-construction.As about the Idealized Cognitive Models, we make a research by the eating eventand the Peoples′Relation event, our research can prove the existence of the deviation.The Chinese Bei-construction with the object as subject regards the ICM as Ground,the deviation on the ICM as Figure, which are very salient. the Peoples′Relation ICMcontain the Charity in the Chinese Confucianism、the Universal Love in the westenculture of Christianity、the Liberty, Equality, Fraternity on the official motto of theFrance and French revolutionary Paris Commune in1871. We prove the existence ofthe deviation on the Peoples′Relation ICM. In the mean while, we talk about the deviation on the funeral、marriage and competition. At last, we explain the wholeconstruction about the Chinese Bei-construction by the deviation.All the above conclusions prove our guess about the deviation on the ChineseBei-construction. Finally, we explain the deviation by the Figure-Ground theory. Theyregard the presupposition、 expect and ICM as Ground, the deviation in thepresupposition、the deviation on the presupposition、the deviation about the expect andICM、the implicit deviation in the sentence as Figure, which are very salient.In order to keep our conclusions accurate, we study the Chinese Bei-constructionby the construction. On the one hand, we study the friqency in the Bei-construction, onthe other hand, we study the Bei-construction from the conflict about it. All that provethe existence of the deviation on the High level construction. Whatever it isBei-construction, or the imperatives、the negatives、the suffered compound-words andthe purpose of adverbial which conflict with the Chinese Bei-construction. They allprove the existence of the deviation on the high level construction. The character of thetopic sentence is the syntactic basis about the deviation on the ChineseBei-construction. The foreground is the semantic basis about the deviation on theChinese Bei-construction. The Subjectivity and Distinction come from the deviation onthe high level construction about the Chinese Bei-construction.The Chinese Bei-construction is always a hot topic in the Chinese scholars,especially the senior scholars of Lv shuxiang and Wang li. They all study the ChineseBei-construction well, and make good conclusions. But, after the new century, thestudys about the Chinese Bei-construction are little. Disappointment explains all theBei-construction. Many people consider that nothing could be done for the ChineseBei-construction. Many cognitive linguist study it by the cognitive linguistic theory,but only through the perspective, which can not answer the old question why theChinese Bei-construction can not exchange with other sentences. As about ourdeviation on the Chinese Bei-construction, on the one hand, we make a deep researchon the given Disappointment, on the other hand, the conclusion is close to our sense ofthe Chinese Bei-construction. Because we feel the Chinese Bei-construction weirdly, we can not use it to express without special reason. The article has the academic valueand significance on the study of the Chinese Bei-construction.