To Defend The Author

The etymology of hermeneutics is Hermes, it is Gods’messenger in Ancient Greece.And in the source of hermeneutics we can see three essential factor emerge:author text and interpreter.During the Romanticism time, Friedrich Schleiermacher established the universal hermeneutics,and his hermeneutics is the symbol of the modern hermeneutics. Wilhelm Dilthey accepts his viewpoint:author is the center of hermeneutics. In the morden society, Martin Heidegger establishes Hermeneutics of Ontology, author is forgotten by the influences of the historicism and psychologism in Hermeneutics,so Hermeneutics abandons the center of author and emerges the writer-centered theory and text-centered theory.So they forget the traditional Hermeneutics and the author.Hirsch inherits the traditional Hermeneutics,and he proposes the Hermeneutics of text-centered, the standard of text’s meaning is author’s meaning,and his Hermeneutics gives proper attention to the author and text. Based on the present researches of Hirsch’s works,it lack of systematic and integrity,especially the monograph,the text’s purpose is the monograph of Hirsch and want to reproduce Hirsch’s will from whole to the details.For the purpose of Hermeneutics’s Objectivity,we must object to two points,one is the Historical relativism, the other is Absolutism,and we must stick to the historicity and the intelligibility of people which cause of the similarity between people,and we admit that kinds of interpretations because of the differences of people, and we must object to the relativism which causes of the magnification of the historical.Historical.Relativism posses that history changes from time to time,so we cannot reproduce the ancient authors’meanings in the text,but they donnot take care of the intelligibility and the communication which cause of the inheritance of the knowledge and the similarity between people, so the historical.Relativism is the appereance of dogmatism. They are the appearance of scepticism, because they stick to the subjectivism and expand the differences between people,and they cannot admit the similarity of the people which is the priciple of Hunanities community.So if we stick to the historicity,we must stick to the infinity of returnning to original state history.Hirsch’s Hermeneutics goes back to the traditional way of thinking,text is the object. Interpretateation is the process of reconstruction.This is a inheritation of the traditional Hermeneutics of Friedrich Schleiermacher and Wilhelm Dilthey.So Hermeneutics should be based on the ground of traditional epistemology.And Heidegger concedes that metaphysics cannot be canceled,his theory is just to lead the metaphysics to its edge.So we can say that subjectivity cannot be overcomed,and it is necessary to cencede the traditional epistemology.And it is useful for facing to text and the restruction of the text’s meaning to insist on the traditional epistemology.The process of interpretation includings the process of taking guess and verifying,First we must establish the hypothesis of the text whatever the whole or the parts,then we can confirm it in the text. And interpretation cannot be done overnight,understanding cannot be done only by the intuitive.The process of interpretation includes reflection,and we can close to the author’s meaning only by reflection and the comparation in the logic of possiblity.In the Hermeneutics of Dilthey and Paul Ricoeur,they both pay great attention to reflection,and Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics is called Reflection on Hermeneutics.So Hirsch’s Hermeneutics also makes room for reflection,and he faces to the complexity and hardships in the process of hermeneutic s.Hirsch stresses the meanings of author,and it insists on the standard of author’s intention in hermeneutics.So Hirsch define the meaning by the author’s intention,then he disginguishinges the meaning and significance,usees the conception of genre, the logic of possibility and so on.He not only gives the standard of defining meaning,but also gives us the methods of interpretation.and he wants to determine the meaning through the author’s intention.The standard of author’s intention is a progress of traditional hermeneutics,it is also the elucidate to the traiditional hermeneutics.Because the traditional hermeneutics’s purpose is going back to the author’s intention and its assertion is writer-centered theory.On this ground Hirsch proposes the standard of author’s meaning.So his proposal is the further deepen and improve to the traditional hermeneutics,especially his elaboratation of standard of author’s meaning improves the writer-centered theory.