Study On An Automatic Conveying Technology And Mechanism Of Potted-Seedling For Vegetable Transplanter

Mechanized transplanting technology for vegetable potted-seedling is a key technology to short vegetable production periodim in field and greenhouse, prove the vegetables production and reduce the cost of the vegetables. At present, our country’s vegetables mechanized transplanter is still predominated by the semi-automatic transplanter, it is done by the artificial auxiliary from the moment that the potted-seedling is taken from the pot to the moment that the potted-seedling is casted into the planting unit. In this way, because of artificial auxiliary operation, the operating speed of transplanting will be limited by the labor intensity, so it is low working efficiency and high planting cost. It is the inevitable development trend of mechanized transplanting to develop the high performance full-automatic high-speed transplanter for vegetables. According to the requirement of the agronomic techniques for transplanting and the principle of combining agricultural machinery and agronomy, the two different types of potted-seedling of the tomatoes and the peppers, as a research object,is studied in this paper, their mechanical properties is studied, the technology of taking potted-seeding automatically, sending potted-seeding automatically and casting potted-seeding automatically based on them is studied, the best mechanism and operating parameters that make these technologies applied is still studied. all of these will provide the necessary reference for the automatic high-speed transplanter. the study will be shown in the following aspects.Take the potted-seedling of the tomatoes and the peppers as a research object, which are grown at the culture substrates of peat,perlite and roseite and the moisture of about40%,50%and60%, the relation between the displacement of push rod and the adhesive force between the pot and the seedling is studied when the potted-seedling is pushed out at the speed of20mm/s,30mm/s and40mm/s. the displacement value when the potted-seedling is separated from the pot is obtained, the damage degree of potted-seedling is studied, all of those offer the design reference for the study of the automatic picking seedling mechanism subsequently.According to the general technical requirement of the automatic conveyance for vegetable potted-seedling. the mechanism plan is designed and optimized, ultimately, the plan is adopted which the stepping motor and the synchronous belt is combined to finish the automatic offering the pot and the seedling movement, the plan is adopt whicht he offset slider-crank mechanism with quick-return characteristics is apllied to finish the automatic picking seedling movement.According to the study result of the mechanical characteristics of potted-seedling, the automatic picking seedling mechanism is analyzed in theory, it contains the pushing seedling mechanism and the catching seedling mechanism. finally, the optical mechanism parameters is obtained. the kinematics analysis and the kinetic analysis for the automatic picking seedling mechanism is simulated in the computer. the design rationality of the automatic picking seedling mechanism is verified. the catching seedling mechanism is designed, the maximum conveying speed is up to120plants per minute. the automatically, synchronous and accurate casting potted-seedling mechanism is designed, that the speed of casting seedling is relatively zero is realized and the success rate of the automatic casting potted-seedling is ensured.the three-dimensional model of the automatic offering pot mechanism, the automatic picking seedling mechanism, the automatic offering seedling mechanism and the automatic casting seedling mechanism for vegetable potted-seedling are designed in the software of Pro/E, the virtual assembly and simulation is finished and the mechanical structure is optimally designed many times in the computer, ultimately, the optimal mechanism parameters is confirmed and the prototype machine is manufactured.The PLC control system is adopted, the appropriate PLC control system and the appropriate sensors is selected and built. the control the timing and algorithm is studied, the control programs is wrote. the coordinated control of the prototypes machine system is realized.Finally, the verification test of automatic conveying mechanism for vegetable potted-seedling is designed and tested on the prototypes machine, the test of the automatic offering pot, the automatic picking seedling, the automatic offering seedling and the automatic casting seedling is tested respectively, the better test results is achieved and the automatic conveying mechanism rationality for vegetable potted-seedling is verified.