The Development And Application Effect Study Of Octacosanol As A New Feed Additive

In this paper, extraction process in rice bran wax of octacosanol was optimized and toxicology and application effect of octacosanol were studied as a new feed addictive.The extraction process in rice bran wax of octacosanol was studied, which may obtained high-purity octacosanol. Purified bran wax was obtained from rough bran wax by solvent extraction method and four factors of the variety of solvent, extraction time and extraction temperature on the yield and purity of bran wax were studied. Then the mixture of senior fatty alcohols in purified bran wax was isolated by microwave hydrolysis method and the effect of microwave power, saponification time, alkali liquor types and the ratio of material to alkali on saponification yield were studied. High vacuum distillation process was used to extract and purify of octacosano. At last, the process was optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test. The results showed the optimal process conditions of purifing the rough bran wax was using acetic acid ethyl ester in solvent ratio1:8(m/V) under the temperature70℃and extraction1.5h. The optimal process conditions of microwave hydrolysis method of saponification purified bran wax was under microwave power700w, with alkali ratio1:2(m/V) of NaOH solution, microwave saponification12min. High vacuum distillation process was in the distillation temperature220～240℃and under the condition of vacuum11.3Pa. Thus octacosanol content of53.72%can be obtained. In addition, the determination method of octacosanol was established;In order to confirm the security of octacosanol in feed the safety toxicology evaluate was proceeded which for providing a theoretical basis of security for the application of octacosanol in feed. The HuoEnShi method was adopted to test the acute oral toxicity which was with40ICR mice of clean level whose weight were (20±2)g and40Wistar rats of clean level whose weight were (200±2)g,and ICR mice and Wistar rats were all male and female half. TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102strains passed biological characteristics identification were choosed in Ames test and the integrated method of the studard AGAR was conducted with add or not the rat liver S9. In bone marrow cell micronucleus test50ICR mice of clean level weight were25-30g and male and female were half were tested. And in mice sperm malformation test25male ICR mice of clean level weight were25-35g were choosed. The feed mixing method was adopted in30days feeding test of Wistar rats.80weanling Wistar rats, weight(85±10)g and male and female half, were divided into four groups averagely and used for high, medium and low dose test groups and control group. The results showed that the feed addictive containing octacosanol was nonpoisonous in reality with oral LD50>10.0g/(kg·BW) to ICR rats and Wistar mice. The results of Ames test, mice bone marrow micronucleus test and mice sperm malformation test were all negative active, which mean no inducing effect of pathologocal changes and mutation. After30days feeding experiment to Wistar mice, there were no abnormal changes in the terms of health status, biological chemical indexes, hematology indexes, as well as organ and tissue morphology. It was included that feed additive containing octacosanol can be used in animal feed safely. In order to explore the effectiveness of octacosanol to livestock and poultry, the application effect of octacosanol to weanling piglets and laying hens were researched systematically. The effect of octacosanol on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, diarrhea, blood index and hormone secretion content of weanling piglets were stuied. Selected a total of10521-day-old piglets were randomly divided into three groups:Control group; tiamulin group (tiamulin33mg/kg) and octacosanol group (octacosanol8mg/kg). Each group set up7repetition with5pigs and feeding period was42days. The results showed that in the whole experiment period octacosanol group had significant enhanced on ADG and G/F (P<0.05) and improved on diarrhea degree (P<0.05); the blood biochemical and antioxidant index also had a significant differences (P<0.05) and the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein had a significant improved (P <0.05) with control group. Compared with tiamulin group, Octacosanol group showed greater superiority in blood parameters (P<0.05). Although there is no significant difference in ADG, G/F, nutrient digestibility and diarrhea degree (P>0.05), the effect is better than that of tiamulin group. The content of Growth hormone, Adrenaline and Glucagon had significant improved compared with control group and tiamulin group (P＜0.05). In the liver and muscle tissues the gene expression quantity of GLUT-4, GS and AMPK were significantly increased in octacosanol group (P<0.05) which indicated octacosanol could regulate the body’s energy metabolism. So this research proved that octacosanol could improve growth performance, immunity and anti-stress ability of weanling piglet through increasing the gene expression quantity of GLUT-4, GS and AMPK which involved in energy metabolism.The effect of different proportion octacosanol in laying hens feed to hens on laying performance, egg quality, serum parameters and fecal microorganism was conducted. Fourty six-week old laying hens (n=384) were fed with a diet containing0,8,16,24mg/kg octacosanol fors6weeks. We observed that comparing with control feeding octacosanol to laying hens significantly increased the rate of laying eggs and egg weight (P<0.05) and the egg albumen height and haugh unit had significantly increased because octacosanol (P＜0.05). OCT02and OCT03group also could promote the ascension of eggshell intensity (P<0.05). There was no observed adverse effects of the octacosanol on egg yolk diameter, egg yolk color and shell thickness(P>0.05). The levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in serum significantly reduced (P<0.05) after feeding octacosanol were found and the content of HDL-C was not affected by octacosanol (P>0.05). Compared with control group, OCT02and OCT03group could significantly reduce the number of e. coli in laying hens manure (P<0.05) and increase the number of lactobacillus (P<0.05). The results found OCT02and OCT03group of no significant difference (P<0.05). So it could be confirmed that adding16mg/kg octacosanol into laying hens feed was asvisable.To sum up, this research for the application of octacosanol in the field of feed provides a scientific basis and theoretical basis and has important practical value to advocate green farming. At the same time, it may promote the efficient utilization of subsidiary agricultural products.