Application Method Of3D In-situ And Quantitative Imaging Study The Characteristics Microstructure Of Traditional Chinese Medicines

The microscopic structure of medicinal plant is not only an important research ofbotany research and application direction, but also the main content of traditionalChinese medicine (TCM) identification studies. It has great significance for theidentification studies of TCM, which can give the evidence to ensure the medicationsafety and effectiveness. At present, there are many ways to research the microscopicstructure of medicinal plant, the mainly imaging methods as we know, such asmicroscope imaging, electron microscope imaging and magnetic resonance imagingetc. In our work, as the new TCM identification method of microscope imaging,in-line X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (IXPCT) has many remarkableadvantages which applied to the microscopic identification of TCM research.According to the experimental conditions of IXPCT, its simple setup, no mirror orcrystal needed, and low requirements to X-ray source on coherence and flux. Theadvantages of IXPCT method have nondestructive, in-situ, three-dimensional andhigh resolution imaging, and the sample can suffer more low radiation dose. IXPCThas received broadly investigation and application in clinical diagnoses and industrialinspection areas. The experimental research platform of IXPCT was established on thethird generation synchrotron radiation light source, Shanghai Synchrotron RadiationFacility (SSRF). In the studies, it is for the first time applies IXPCT method to themicroscopic identification of TCM research. Experimental results show that theTCM’s internal structure can be clearly, nondestructive, in-situ and the three-dimensional imaging way obtain. IXPCT method，especially suitable for thesesamples which have high demand of preparation, such as the TCM of fruit and seedsand root class, which were needed to avoid the slice preparation, difficult to identifyand easy to confuse. And the IXPCT method combined with phase retrieval,quantitative characterization of the internal structure of the sample could be obtained.It can provide the three dimensional quantitative imaging information for the researchof internal microstructure of TCM, if the experimental data processing used the Phaserecovery method. This kind of quantitative imaging results is very effective for thestudy of the microscopic identification of TCM and is considered to be a newidentification method of TCM.We have worked on IXPCT method for practical application in this thesis.IXPCT method give the three classes of TCM research results, such as the flowerTCM, the fruit and seeds TCM and the root class TCM. Especially the analysis andresearch were focus on several important characteristics of microscopic structure ofTCM. We first time applied the IXPCT method obtain the3D microstructure of TCM,and provide the quantitative microstructure results of TCM. According to thequantitative imaging information which is obtained from the IXPCT, it can make aseries of analysis and research work. The main contributions and innovative work aresummarized as follows:1. For the first time, apply the IXPCT method for the microscopic structure of TCMresearch; give the identification studies with the advantages of nondestructive,in-situ and the three-dimensional imaging for TCM.2. Using the IXPCT method study the flower of TCM nondestructive, respectivelystudies the pollen grain of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and Crocus sativus L. Theresults shown that the number and position distribution information of the twokinds of pollen grain.3. It is found that the IXPCT method especially suitable for the sample preparationwhich is difficult to slice, the sample contains volatile oil. The IXPCTexperiments choose two kinds of important Zingiberaceae TCM, A. kravanh Pierreex Gagnep. and A. katsumadai Hayata, the result of characteristics microstructure give the authenticate study of this two kinds of Zingiberaceae TCM. And the newidentification and judgment evidences are found in our study; both two kinds ofZingiberaceae TCM have the different morphology of interspace structurebetween cells and cells which is contained in the perisperm.4. IXPCT method study two kinds of Umbelliferae TCM microstructure, Foeniculumvulgare Mill and Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss.,and the results can give theidentification and judgment evidences. And it has new found that the Foeniculumvulgare Mill has the diaphragm structure in the vittae.5. The quantitative data results respectively shown that the volume of vittae structureand the volatile oil distribution of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. It is proved that isvery useful for the kind of TCM which is contains the liquid substance and thevolatile oil. The IXPCT quantitative imaging and quantitative analysis method canbe widely applied in quality evaluation for the more kinds of TCM.6. For the first time, it is obtained the3D imaging information of the importantmicrostructure characteristics of ginseng, Calcium oxalate crystal clusters, andaccording the3D imaging data to make extraction and analysis. It is regarded asthe traditional microscopic imaging methods according to the Calcium oxalatecrystal clusters size and crystal form in the2D plane has obvious drawback. Weput forward new ideas, as for the Calcium oxalate crystal clusters study. The3Dresult give the precise description of the Calcium oxalate crystal clusters, and it isshow that the polyhedral model of3D structure is a kind of inorganic salt crystals.On account of the advantage of IXPCT method, we put forward a new evaluationstandard, put the3D information as the Calcium oxalate crystal clusters size as theresearch evidence.7. The IXPCT quantitative imaging and quantitative analysis method can providenew approach and results for ginseng research. The results show the statisticalanalysis method, which is provided the parameter information of Calcium oxalatecrystal clusters respectively, such as the location of distribution, volume andquantity. It can give the quantitative identification from the different types ofginseng which have different condition of producing area, age and variety. Therefore, the quantitative research evidence shows that IXPCT method is a newimaging method of TCM, which has the advantages of simple handle, rapidnondestructive and in-situ imaging.