Ecosystem Service Functions Of Bamboo Forests Based On Forest Resource Inventory Data In Fujian Province, Southern China

Bamboo forest is not only functioned with economic values, but also functioned withimportant ecosystem services, e.g. water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation andoxygen release. Currently, studies on ecosystem services function are mainly concentrating onfield investigation at sample plots scales, lacking of spatial techology like ARCGIS-basedstudies on bamboo forest ecosystem services at regional or national scale.In view of the above, based on the updated secondary forest resource inventory datain2010, existing research results and meteorology, soil and DEM data, and so on, with the spatialanalysis software-ARCGIS, systematic research was carried out to study the spatial patterns ofcarbon storage, product supply, water conservation, soil conservation and carbon fixation andoxygen release services and its variations with environmental factors to privide theoretical database for bamboo forest cultivitation and management, ecological compenstation, ecoysystemservices regulation and bamboo forest industry layout. The results were shown as follows:（1） Carbon storage: the total carbon storage of bamboo forest ecosystem in Fujianprovince was159.82×106t, the average carbon density was146.56t·hm^-2, mainly stored in soil.The carbon storage of bamboo forest significantly differed in regions and species, and thecarbon storage of bamboo forest was greater in the western part of Fujian Province than that inthe eastern part. The carbon storage of Phyllostachys heterocycla forest ranked first among allbamboo species. Both the carbon density and carbon storage followed a single peak curvealong increase of elevation and slope, and the peak value was observed at elevation of500-600m and slope of25-35°, respectively. Carbon density of bamboo forest did not differsignificatny in different slope aspects and slope positions, however, carbon stock wassignificantly different. The total economic value of carbon storage was￥138.72×108, in whichsoil carbon storage value was￥109.21×108, accounting for78.73%.（2） Product supply: the net primary productivity of bamboo forest averaged226.16×105t·a^-1in Fujian province, and the pre unit area of net primary productivity of bamboo forest was20.59t·hm^-2·a^-1. The total economic value and per unit area value of product supply was ￥168.963×108a^-1and￥1.575×104hm^-2·a^-1, respectvely. Both the net primary productivity andproduct supply value peaked in JianOu and YongAn city and decreased to other cities. On thewhole, the net primary productivity and product supply values in western Fujian were higherthan that of eastern Fujian, and southern Fujian was higher than that of northern Fujian. The netprimary productivity and product supply value varied significantly with altitude, slope gradient,slope position, and they mainly distributed in altitude of500-1000m, slope gradient of25-35°,and northern and lower slope bamboo forest. The per unit area value of net primaryproductivity and product supply decreased with the increase of elevation, slope angle and slopepositions.（3） Water conservation: the total amount of water conservation was5.41×108t·a^-1inFujian province, mainly from soil, and the average comprehensive adjustment ability was50.43mm. The capacity of water conservation in western Fujian province was larger than thatof eastern Fujian province. With the increase of elevation, the amount of water conservation ofsoil layer increased first and then decreased, while the water conservation capability decreasewith the increase of elevation. The amount and capacity of water conservation peaked at slopeof15³5°, and at the slope of below35°. Below35°, the capacity increased slowly with inincrease of elevation. The total amount and capacity of water conservation in shady slope waslarger than that of sunny slope. The downside slope position had better water conservationability. The economic value of water conservation in bamboo ecosystems in Fujian provincewas￥554.7×108a^-1.（4） Soil conservation: the amount of potential soil erosion and real soil erosion was25.57×108t·a^-1, which accounted for98.78%of the potential soil erosion, characterized bylarger in eastern area than that of eastern area. Spatially, the difference of soil conservation perunit area was small with an average of2358.39t·hm^-2a^-1. The amount of soil conservation wasfeatured with normal distribution of increasing first and then decreaing, but the soilconservation capability linearly increased with elevation, not significantly related with slopepositions. The economic value of soil conservation in bamboo ecosystems in Fujian provincewas￥1097.67×108. （5） Carbon fixation and oxygen release: the amount of annual carbon fixation and oxygenrelease was3686.35×104t·a^-1and2691.26×104t·a^-1in Fujian province, respectively, and thequantity of annual carbon fixation and oxygen release per unit area was34.36t·hm^-2·a^-1and25.09t·hm^-2·a^-1, respectively. On the whole, the carbon fixation and oxygen release capacity inwestern areas was larger than that in eastern areas, and the nothern areas larger than thesouthern areas, while the quantity of per unit area was oppsitie trendency. The total amount andthe amount per unit area were highest in Phyllostachys heterocycla and Dendrocalamuslatiflorus forest. Considering soil types, the total amount of carbon fixation and oxygen releasewas mainly distributed in bamboo forest on red soil; considering terrain, the total amount ofcarbon fixation and oxygen release was mainly concentrated on500-1000m,25-35°, downhilland north slope.The amount of carbon fixation and oxygen release per unit area decreased withthe increase of elevations and slopes. The total economic value of carbon fixation and oxygenrelease was￥133.88×108·a^-1, and the economic value of per unit area of carbon fixation andoxygen releasewas￥1.248×104·hm^-2·a^-1.（6） Total service value: the total economic value of ecosystem services was up to￥195.521×109·a^-1, and the value of per unit area was￥18.225×104·hm^-2·a^-1. The total servicevalue and serve value of per unit area were hightst in Phyllostachys heterocycla andDendrocalamopsis oldhami forest. The total service value was significantly different amongterrain factors, but the service value per unit was relatively small. The servuce values mainlycame from500-1000m,25-35°and downhill bamboo forest, minor difference was observedamong slope aspect. The service value per unit area was higher in low elevation and low slopeof bamboo forest. To soil type, the service value of bamboo forest in red soil amounted80%oftotal service value.The conclusion of this study could provide scientific evidence of ecological benefitcompensation, realizing win-win of ecological benefits and economic benefits, as well aspolicy for macro ecological construction decision.