Research On The Benefit Evaluation Of Soil And Water Conservation And Construction Of Ecological Compensation System In Chaobaihe River Basin

Water and soil erosion is one of the key environmental problems, seriously affecting the development of China’s ecological system, nature environment and social economy. The water and soil conservation can achieve the purpose of prevention of soil erosion by change the surface environment and improve the ecological environment, and they also can promote the regional economic and social development, increase the income of local people and promote economic development. Chaobai river basin is the ecological barrier and important water souce of the capital. Fast urbanization in recent half a century lead to severe situation for water resource utilization of the capital hence it is important to study on the water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin. This study based on the current work status of water and soil conservation, and combined with theroretical knowledge of ecology, economics, evaluation and so on, analysed the meaning and function of different benefits of water and soil conservation, and selected27appraisal indexes. Further filtering by principal component analysis, final indexes reduced to22. Based on the appraisal indexes, this paper ensured the eigenvector and weight of different index, and also ensured the relative weight of ecolocal, social and economic benefit of total benefit. Besides, this study also used the statistic model of grey relational degree to evaluate the benefit of water and soil conservation. Meanwhile, this paper used the proper method to estimate the value of ecological, social, and economic benefit, it is convenient for the inverstors.Major conclusions are as follows:1) ecological benefit of water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin have increased with fluctuation during the period of2000-2012, indicating that after governance, the situation of water and soil erosion has been improved and ecological environment has improved., surface coverage rate increased gradually, erosion area decreased, local weather condition improved.2) Social benefit of water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin kept steady increasing trend, except for2004-2006. Water and soil conservation measures can repair dangerous sloping land, reduce natural disasters, and ensure the safety of local residents’living environment, and reduce the flood disasters, reduce the loss of residents, improve the land production rate.3) Economic benefit of water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin kept steady increasing trend after2002. Such measures can increase food output, increasd forest products output, improve the pasture quality, incre the local labor productivity, all of these related to local residents’imcome.4) Comprehensive benefit of water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin kept steady increase except for2002. The trend of comprehensive benefit is similar to the trend of ecological benefit, indicating that the comprehensive benefit is affeced by ecological benefit mostly.5) Total value of water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin during2001-2012is33.66billion RMB. Comprehensive benefit value increased sharply in2002, and then decreased slowly, and then bagan to increase and fell down in2008. Timber reserve value and water conservation value takes up the majority of the total value.This paper also discussed about the necessity, meaning, caculation method, compensation way of ecological compensation, and brought about some policy suggestions of water and soil conservation in Chaobai river basin from the following aspect:policy measures, legal system, management regime, economic policy, public propoganda, paticipating policy, and technique supporting policy. Because the study level and resource is limited, there are many insufficiency of the study, for example, the appraial system little discussed about landscape benefit. Besides, whether this appraisal model can be used to other areas is also a question.