Antioxidant And Immunomodulatory Activities Of Polysaccharide Isolated From White Wax Scale

White wax scale （Ericerus pela Chavannes）, belonging to Coccidale of Homoptera,wasone of traditional resources insects. White wax secreted by male widely used in food, medicaland other industries. In tradition, male produced white wax while female was only used toreproduction, not fully utilized. In recent years, it was found the female adult contained avariety of ingredients, such as protein. Obvious function of immune regulation andanti-mutation were confirmed by anminal expriments, and polysaccharide may be one of itsefficacy components.therefore, the characters of polysaccharide isolated from wax scale insectfemales were studied. Effect on immunologic function of macrophages, antioxidant in vitro andImmunomodulatory in mice were also investigated. The main research results are as follows.(1) Study on isolation of polysaccharide from white wax fesacle. Crude polysaccharidedecouloured by macroporous resins, NKA-9was selected for kinetic studies based on theresults of adsorption properties comparing of macroporous adsorption resins and the staticadsorption test.Dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments were conducted to establishthe optimum parameters of NKA-9as: one volume solution of crude polysaccharide wasloaded in column at the flow rate1bed volume per hour，under the condition of30℃andpH8.0. The decolorant polysaccharide was collected by washing adsorbate-laden column usingfive bed volume deionized water.The decoloration rate was71.4%, the yield of polysaccharidewas60%, the deproteinization rate was51.9%。 Decoloration polydaccharide was thoroughDEAE ion exchange chromatography,follow on gel chromatography used Sephacyl S300andSuperdex200, finally two components was purified from white wax scale. Thepolysaccharidecontents was84.3%and95.3%respectively.(2) The structure characterizaions of w1s2sup and w1s2sup were investigated by FT-IR,HPGLC.,CE and NMR. The relative molecular weight of w1s1sup and w1s2sup were24.1and20.1kDa respectively.. According to CE analysis, w1s1sup was compose of glucose, mannoseand galactose with a molar percent of1,10,10.8. w1s2sup was composed of mannose and galactose in a molar of1,1.36. w1s1sup and w1s2sup contained mancopyranose or galactoseand Glycosidic bond included αandβlinkage.(3) The study on antioxidant of white wax polysaccharide. the antioxidant activities ofwhite wax polysaccharides were evaluated in vitro by ABTS radical scavenging assay,superoxide radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant powder assay（FRAP）,hydroxyl radical scavenging assay， oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) andproliferation effect of SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. The polysaccharideswere found to have different levels of antioxidant activity in the systems tested. The resultsshowed that FRAP and ORAC value of crude polysaccharide were higher than purified. Thehydroxyl radical scavenging activity of purified polysaccharide was highest. The scavengingsuperoxidant radical capacities of samples were not obvious. The purified polysaccharidescould increase proliferation of cells damaged by hydrogen peroxide obvsiouly.(4) The immunomodulatory effect of white wax scale polysacchade were evaluated bycarbon particle clearance index in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Theresult showed the polysaccharide could increase phagocytic index significantly. Purifiedpolysaccharide could activate macrophages cell Raw264.7, proliferation, phagocytosis andrelease of NO could be promoted by white wax polysaccharide...