| Sea-air interaction is one of the hot topics of climate change and variability studiesnowadays. The sea influences the atmosphere through thermo-dynamical effect, while seasurface temperature (SST) is the most important parameter that shows the thermo-dynamicalcharacteristic of sea water. Therefore, in our study in this paper, climatology and long termchange of China adjacent seas SST and its possible impact on coastal meso-scale weatherdevelopment were analyzed. Firstly, we used monthly SST dataset for recent142years fromHadley center to analyze the climatology and long term change characteristics of Chinamarginal seas SST and its possible reason. Furthermore, Shan dong peninsula "sea effectprecipitation" characteristics and its correlation with SST and sea ice were analyzed based onwinter daily precipitation data in recent51years. Finally, coastal sea\land breeze were studiedby using automatic station hourly wind speed and wind direction records. The results are asfollows:(1) In recent142years, China adjacent seas saw warming trend, especially the East China Sea.The warming began from40s in last century,60-70s saw less change and1990s sawsignificant warming, while it showed warming hiatus by the beginning of this century. All theareas saw the highest temperature in1998and1990s in last century and the first decade of thiscentury is the warmest period. Similar to the global temperature, warming hiatus was seen forthe whole area and reasons are discussed in this paper. SST regime shifts were also seen ineach area during the middle of80s in last century. In recent142years, the most warmingseason is autumn followed by winter in each area (except BYS). Compared to other areas,ECS saw the most warming trend for all the seasons. While, in recent50years, winter is themost warming season for all the areas. ECS saw the most warming. Summer low temperaturearea in SCS is closely related to the SCS summer monsoon, the monsoon weakened in recent30years and caused the weakening of the coastal upwelling, which resulting in more warmingof the cold water area.(2) Totally1173"sea effect precipitation" days were selected for the Shandong peninsula in recent51years, with snow, rain, rain\snow days occupying73.7%,16.1%,10.1%respectively.December is the most productive month for different intensity "sea effect snow" andNovember is the most productive month for rain and rain\snow."Sea effect snow" is mostlylocated around Wendeng and Chengshantou centered area, while "sea effect rain" is locatedalong the coastal area.(3)10℃temperature gap between the SST and850hPa air temperature is the most favorablecondition for the occurrence of "sea effect precipitation", mostly light snow for10-15℃,mostly moderate and light snow for15-20℃, and chances are the same for happening ofdifferent ranks of snow during20-25℃. Blizzard is the main class for above25℃temperaturegap. Rainfall and rain/snow mostly happened during10℃-20℃gap. With temperature gapincreases, the frequency decreased along with strengthening of intensity. Regardless ofprecipitation type,15-20℃is the most favorable temperature gap forhigh frequency "seaeffect precipitation". Sea effect snow and rain\snow are negatively correlated to sea ice extent.500hPa geopotential height field shows discrepancy for different types of "sea effectprecipitation".(4) Automatic station hourly data were used to analyze the coastal sea-land breeze for14stations during2012. There occurred annually92.5sea-land breeze days with a maximum of140days and minimum of49days. Almost each month saw sea-land breeze days. |
