On The Construction Of The Self-Development Capacity In Western China

It is not only the urgent need for enhancing the overall efficiency of the national economy and promoting the steady development of the national economy in China, but also is the requirement for constructing the socialistic harmonious society and realizing the social equity, to promote the regional development coordinately with narrowing the gaps among regions. Since the founding of new China, we have made unremitting efforts to narrow the disparity between the western region and the eastern coastal areas, aimed to coordinate the development among the three major economic zones. Especially since the Strategy of Western Development, the western region has achieved the rapid development of economy and society, under the external driving of the national longitudinal investment and the high-speed industrialization, but today there is still the development gap between the western region and the eastern areas, and the speed of narrowing the gap is getting slower and slower.Based on this, there not only will produce such questions:what is the fundamental reason for the development gap between the western region and the eastern earns? Whether is the model of development sustainable relying on the large-scale investment in the western region? Once the external force disappearing, will the western region continue to develop quickly, or stand still, or return to the poverty and backwardness?The answers to these questions may be depending on the construction of regional self-development capability in the western region.It is the fundamental requirement for achieving economic and social development sustainablly and healthly in the western region, and thus promoting the regional development coordinately with narrowing the gap between regions, to build the capacity of self-development in the western region. In July,2010, CPC Central Committee stressed in a work conference that it is the critical period for promoting the western region’s development for the next ten years, and to further the implementation of the western development strategy must enhance the ability of self-development as the main line. The12th Five-Year Plan of The People’s Republic of China’s National Economy and Society Development put forward that clearly, for the in-depth implementation of the Western Development Strategy, we should enhance the capacity of self-development by developing science, technology and education vigorously. Thus since the new round of large-scale development of the western region deepening, the focus of the development of the western region turns from ecological restoration and reconstruction and infrastructure construction, to enhancing the ability of self-development of the western region. In this new situation, to explore the self-development capabilities in the western region has important theoretical value and practical significance.This paper focuses on the theme of the the western region’s promotion of self-development ability, using literature analysis, comparative analysis, historical analysis, specification analysis&empirical analysis combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis combining analysis to expand research further. The whole paper is divided into eight chapters.Chapter1is about the dissertation of the background and significance of the topic, the analysis of the language of ideas and research methods, the research of purposes, contents, problems, and the brief introduction of innovations which will be achieved here.Chapter2is about the literature review basing on research contents, and it’s divided into two parts. In the first part, the basic theory in the course of study will be introduced briefly. The content of second part is about the meticulous combing and a brief review of the existing domestic and international literatures on regional self-development capacity. Through the literature reviewing, we find that there are still the following shortcomings in the existing research. Firstly, the concept of regional self-development ability is not yet clearly defined, which will create obstacles for the further study. Secondly, the essence of the regional self-development capability is not grasped fundamentally, which is only thinking of the cultivation of self-development capacity in the underdeveloped areas; and that of regions in other development level did not be recognized. Thirdly, on the western region evaluation study of the self-development capacity is still inadequate. Fourthly, the study of building self-development capacity on the western region does not reach the designated position.Therefore, this paper will attempt to answer the following questions. Such as that what is the regional self-development capacity, and what is its essence? What are the general characteristics of the regional Self-development capacity? How to be realized that the state is considered to have the ability to self-development for a region? For the western region, how many factors influence the regional self-development capability? How to nurture, enhance or maintain their self-development capacity for the different type regions in the Western Region?Chapter3is about this paper’s framework for the theory analysis, including the basic connotation of the region’s self-development capability, the constitute elements, characteristics and the formation mechanism. The regional self-development capacity is a comprehensive ability, which is demonstrated in the process of a region’s economic and social development. If having this ability, the region will take advantage of the various resources depending on their own strength, for achieving the sustainable and healthy development of economy, society, ecology, culture and other aspects. It is a comprehensive ability manifested in the production and living activities of the subjects of enterprises, families, local governments and non-governmental organizations. Its nature is a kind of ability to optimize the allocation of resources by relying on its own strength.From the different points of view, regional self-development capacity is composed of different elements. From the development perspective, the ability of regional self-development shows macroscopic behavoirs, regional self-development capacity, as well as regional micro-behavior body, family, enterprises, organizations and local governments have the capacity for self development. From the development of elements, capability of regional self-development for the regional actors in the use of natural capital, physical capital, human capital, knowledge capital and social capital. From the form, regional self-development ability and creation ability, formed by resources, resources gathering capability, resources utilization ability and the coordinated development ability. From the implementation of the look, regional self-development capacity and can be divided into the ability of self-development of practical areas and potential regional self-development capacity of two types. In a word, the essence of regional self-development ability is a ability which puts the region to allocate and use all kinds of resources relying on its own strength, to increase wealth and raise the level of social welfare.In general, as a capacity of regional level, the regional self-development capacity exhibits the characteristics of comprehensive, systematic, dynamic, stage and plasticity. Although the bears of regional self-development capacity include the intra-regional enterprises, families, local governments and non-governmental organizations, but the formation process of regional self-development capacity may requires the promoting effect of the central government and other parts.We will talk about the formation mechanism of the regional self-development, the affecting factors, the power of formation and the generation paths in the chapter4. The formation of regional self-development capacity is affected by many factors, including natural conditions, natural resources, location, physical capital, labor resources, science and technology, social systems and contingency historical events.The power source for forming the self-development of a region is constituted by the intraregional people’s individual pursuit of the life quality and the national macroscopic needs of regional coordinated development, thus the formation of the region self-development capacity is confronted with the market competition and policy control two sources powered dual-drive. The internal dynamics is taken shape by the pursuit of profit of internal-regional corporate, the sense of responsibility of the local government and the competition and cooperation between sub-regional units. The external power is taken shape by the support policies of the central government, the aids from other regions, and the competition and cooperation with other areas.For a specific region, there are two paths for generating its self-development capacity, such as the endogenous path and the exogenous path. The former refers to the ways to mobilize local potential through developing of its workforce, entrepreneurship, promoting technological innovation, promoting industrial upgrading, transforming of local government functions. The latter refers to attracting and embedded exogenous resources, opening up to the outside world and improving the central government institutional arrangements for the western region’s development.In Chapter5, a set of evaluation index system for regional self-development capability has been designed to evaluate studies on the self-development ability of China’s western region. Through the evaluation research, two conclusions have been come to that:the first of all, the level of self-development capacity in China’s western region is below that of the eastern and central regions; Secondly, there are also differences between the levels of the various regions’ self-development capacity in the western area.There are experiences and enlightenments of nurturing the underdeveloped areas of self-development capacity on foreign in the chapter6. By reviewing the nurture process of underdeveloped areas’s self-development in the United States, the former Soviet Union, Japan and Brazil and other countries, we conclude the following experiences:to improve the legal system constantly, to set up the regional development agencies, to promote infrastructure construction, to pay attention to environmental protection and ecological construction, to implement tilt fiscal and financial policies actively, to develop the cause of education, science and technology vigorously, to mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments and non-governmental forces, as well as to promote regional industrial structure optimization and upgrading.During the process of building self-development capacity in China’s western region, it is necessary to learn from foreign advanced experience and lessons of foreign countries actively, to accelerate the construction process, but also according to the actual situation in the western region, and actively explore new self-development capacity, while nurturing ways, be careful to avoid in the west prone to error measure in special circumstances.There is a study of the self-development strategy for the western region in Chapter7. In the new era, the general idea of building regional self-development capacity in the western region is that, it is necessary to mobilize local potential and to attract and embe exogenous resources, through the implementation of self-development strategy; it is necessary to play regional comparative advantage, but also to foster regional competitive advantage; it is necessary to follow the priority to efficiency, but also take into account the fair; it is necessary to strengthen resource development, but also pay attention to environmental protection and ecological construction. Under the guidance of the general idea of the western region’s self-development strategies, the self-development capacity of the western region can be constructed by some ways, such as that improving the institutional arrangements of the western region’s development from the state gradually; accelerating the transformation of the support and assistance of the countries of the western region; optimizing the industrial structure of the western region constantly; undertaking industrial metastasis actively; Improving the innovation system in the western region; developing the non-public economy and so on.Chapter8is the final chapter. In this chapter, we summarize the main conclusions of the full text, and make the outlook for the further research.In this paper, the innovative points that may exist are the following:Firstly, the concept of self-development capacity of the area is be defined scientifically in this paper, there argues that the regional self-development capacity is a comprehensive concept, which emphasizes the use of various resources to achieve regional endogenous development in an open environment, relying on its own strength of regional system. Its essence is the ability to optimize the allocation of a variety of resources that the regional systems use their own strength.Secondly, In the analysis of the regional self-development stagical characteristics, we divide the promoting process of regional self-development level into four stages:an initial stage, the lower level of self-development stage, the higher level of self-development stage and a complete self-development ability level stage. By describing the performance of a region in various stages of self-development, we answer indirectly that "what kind of development state is realized for that, it is considered to have the self-development ability for a region?"Thirdly, the theoretical model of the formation mechanism for the regional self-development is built in this paper. The bearing bodies regional self-development capacity include intra-regional enterprises, families, local governments and non-governmental organizations, in addition to the above four categories of actors, the promoting bodies include the Central Government and other regions. Intra-regional enterprises, families, local governments and non-governmental organizations play the basic roles in the formation process of regional self-development capacity, the driving force from the Central Government and other regions play roles through intra-regional actors, to speed up or slow down the rate of formation of the self-development capacity.Fourthly, we provide the strong evidence for that the self-development capacity of the western region is low. The research findings directly support the intuitive judgment, that the self-development capacity of the western region is low, by building regional self-development capability evaluation index system, and then doing the comparative analysis for the self-development ability of the eastern region, the central region and the western region. We have found that the deep-seated reasons for the long-term existence of the development gap between the eastern region and western region, and provided a new perspective for the realizing the regional development coordinately.