| Circular agriculture is not only an important model but also a direction of thedevelopment of agriculture in China during the Eleventh Five-year plan and twelfth Five-yearPlan even in the future. Meanwhile it is one of the main measures to agriculture productionand ecological environment construction. Circular agricultural science and technology parkcombines the productive investment with waste utilization and recycle organically, accordingto the model of ecological chain, which following the principle of "reduce, resource andrecycle". In addition, it will indicate a development method which makes the agriculture with"low-input, low-emission and high yield".In this study, according to some problems such as the weakness and unsystematic ofbasic theory, by means of documents consultation, field study and empirical analysis, somesubjects are systemically integrated which content geography sciences, regional coordinateddevelopment, circular economy, agricultural science, ecology and landscape planning and soon. At the same time some theories about the development planning of circulating agricultureare provided. Especially we practiced these theories in Bei Yuan based on its environment.Main views and conclusions are as follows:1The construction of the basic theoretical frame of Regional circular agriculture(1) According to the literature and years of research in this field, the concept andcharacteristics of circular agriculture are defined. Circular agriculture is based on agriculturaleco-system, eco-economic, circular economy and sustainable development, supported byinputting appropriate amount agricultural means of production such as fertilizer and pesticide,and used the methods of large-scale management and intensive production mode withmultistage multilevel utilization of crop straw, poultry excrement and human excreta, in orderto realize the purpose of preserving the ecological environment, improving the quality ofagricultural products and ensuring food safety.(2) Circular agricultural production factors include material production factors and immaterial production factors. Comparing circulation agriculture with traditional agriculturefrom six respects which are theory aspects, production modes, industrial relations, productionbenefits, circulation levels and circular agriculture development, we emphasize ecologicalefficiency function and propose that the fundamental characteristic of circular agriculture isthe extension of industrial chain and save of resource.(3) A theoretical framework of circular agriculture which mainly based on recycleeconomy, cleaner production, agro-ecological engineering and sustainable development etc isbuilt.(4) According to the hierarchical principle, the boundary of circular agriculture isdiscussed, and the boundary of its basic theory is divided into three respects: farm householdlevel, rural community level and regional rural level.2Methods of Regional Circular Agricultural Development Planning(1) Basic principle mainly based on the theory of "3R"(reduce, resource, recycle),construction the mode of circular agriculture and energy efficiency analysis is proposed. Theintegration of agricultural function with rural industrial culture function and the application ofmodern agricultural technological are systematically analyzed during the progress of circularagricultural development planning.(2)Ways of resource investigation and evaluation, location advantages and disadvantagesanalysis, determination agricultural leading industries and thematic map making are putforward.(3) This study also points out that a complete planning must content status analysis,evaluation of advantages and disadvantages on resources, the idea, frame and positioning ofplanning, the thematic planning of key part, the programming of environmental protection,the analysis of input and output, and implementation countermeasures analysis and so on.3Resource advantages analysis of development planning of circular agriculture in BeiyuanareaBased on spot investigation, this paper systematically analyzes the strengths, weaknesses,opportunities and challenges of circular agricultural development in Beiyuan area with theSWOT analysis method; it estimates the amount of agricultural waste resources and potentialof agricultural waste changed methane resource. The results showed that, in2009, the amountof crop straw in this area is about8,9000ton, and the largest proportion is corn straw whichaccounts for74.8%in the total crop straw; the amount of animal faeces wastes is1,914,400ton, and the largest proportion is cattle feces which accounts for50%in the total animalfaeces wastes; the amount of human excrement is about25,200ton; all kinds of wastes canproduce the amount of methane about88.6million m3per year, it equals with55,000ton standard coal consumption, and it will produce the economic value of33million RMB everyyear. If total methane all converts wood, the entire area will save forest land about20944hm2each year.4Design of the circulation agricultural development planning in Beiyuan area(1) It puts forward the basis and principle about design of the circulation agriculturaldevelopment planning in Beiyuan area, it also orientates its agricultural production function,the ecological function, and social service function. Besides, it establishes a planning goal on“corn-milk and livestock-vegetables" industry as the leading, resource efficient utilization,ecological safety, and social civilization agriculture demonstration.(2) It analyzes the structure characteristics of value flow and material flow, based on thetypical models in Beiyuan area, which contents farmland efficient circulation pattern,agriculture and animal husbandry efficient circular agriculture model, clean compound ruralagriculture model, agricultural wastes utilization model and the agricultural productsprocessing cycle chain. The material flow chart and value chart of Beiyuan area are drawn out,and special ways of the development of different circulation patterns are raised.(3) It puts forward a basic framework which includes four important models, eight largeengineering and a basic architecture of circular agricultural Science and Technology Park,builds four big function regions and six bases, and draws out the overall layout framework ofthis area’s circular agricultural development.(4) The efficient compound farmland circular agriculture, recycle facilities agriculture,animal breeding, agriculture waste utilization, circular agricultural Science and TechnologyPark and environment construction are made specific planning. Based on the specificplanning, it puts forward some suggestions on policies and institutions. |
PDF Full Text Request