Research On Supply Chain Supernetwork Equilibrium Models

The coverage area of supply chain network is more and more wide where involve different countries and regions; The structure of supply chain network is increasingly complex which relate to the superposition of many different types of networks; The product characteristics of supply chain network are different, the influences are different for the entire supply chain network; There are many natural risks and factitious risk in the supply chain management, which lead to the differences of the risk management approach. Accompanied with the acceleration of the process of global economic integration and the rapid development of network information technology, the efficient computer and information system is fully capable of coordinating supply chain network which cover worldwide, so the researchers were required to provide a more accurate and effective theory to understand such a complex supply chain network, a more practical tool to guide the decision-making of the decision-makers in the supply chain network. Supply chain network involved in logistics and transport networks, financial networks, information networks, enterprise relations networks and interpersonal networks which have the super network characteristics and nature of multiple network superpositions, and Supernetwork theory is able to give effective and accurate interpretation of a network of multi-layer, multi-level, multi-dimensional, multi-attribute and multi-criteria feature. Therefore, it has important theoretical significance and practical value to research the supply chain network by using of super-network perspective.In this article, at first, based on the defined concepts and features of supernetworks and supply chains supernetworks, the major research content was confirmed. Then the supernetworks equilibrium model that accurately describes the product characteristics of the supply chain networks and the supernetworks equilibrium model based supply chain risk management was built. Second, the numerical examples were used to prove the feasibility and reliability of the solution, through sensitivity analysis to understand the impact of changes in the different parameters for the equilibrium solution. Last, the perfect decision-making situation of other firms was understood by utilizing the process of a single firm approaching equilibrium solution.The main research includes the following aspects:(1) Dynamic supply chain super-network equilibrium model. Built for the needs of the dynamic changes, the dynamic supply chain supernetwork equilibrium model was built for the time-varying demand. The optimization model in time-varying demand and elastic demand is transformed into variational inequalities and evolutionary variational inequalities; therefore the solution was solved by a modified projected method and dynamic projection systems. The equilibrium solution under used optimization was solved by using of two instances in time-varying demand and elastic demand which prove the feasibility and reliability of the solution. We can know the differences between the used optimization and system optimization by using the process of a single firm approaching equilibrium solution.(2) Supply chain supernetwork multi-objective equilibrium model based on production promotion. Different promotions and unique objective of the decision maker have different influence for the equilibrium flow of the supply chain network. This dissertation constructed the three layers supernetwork multi-objective equilibrium model based on the promotional approach. The primary layer is products manufacturers, the second layer is the products retailers, the third layer is the demand markets, manufacturers and retailers consider three decision-making goals, include cost, relationship and risk. Product promotion impacts the relationship a lot between the individual firms. Under the elastic demand, optimization utility expression of manufacturers and retailers was transferred into variational inequalities. The modified projected method was used to solve the solution. Sensitivity analysis of distinctive preferences was given. The intact decision-making situation of other firms was understood by using the process of a single firm approaching equilibrium solution. This model is more suitable for the practical application of supply chain network with product promotions. This model is also conducive to promoting the combination of the actual method of operation in the supply chain network and Supernetwork theory to solve practical problems in the supply chain network. It is a scientific reference for different vendors in supply chain network to make an optimal decision from the individual point under different promotions.(3) Supply chain supernetwork equilibrium model for time-sensitive products. Most products in the supply chain network are time constraints. Considering the actual situation of the supply chain network, two kinds of three supernetwork equilibrium models were built for these time-sensitive products. One is that reward and punishment function were used to express time control. If the products are delivered lately, the firm will be punished; If the products are delivered prematurely, the firm will be rewarded, the other is that time function and the loss rate was used to express the characteristic of diminishing utility perishable products as time goes on. The modified projected method was used to solve the solution by using two numbers examples. The sensitivity analysis was used to analyze the change of equilibrium flow compared with intensity of reward and punishment. Time constraints and the loss rate is gradually increased. The perfect decision-making situation of other firms was understood by using the process of a single firm approaching equilibrium solution. These models help to solve the inaccurate problems by using of multi-objective decision-making method to describe time-sensitive products and target weight is difficult to determine. These models are likewise conducive to solve practical problems by using the combination between a variety of methods and Supernetwork theory and method.These will be a reference for vendors to make an optimal decision for time-sensitive products in the supply chain network from individual optimization perspective.(4) Supply chain supernetwork equilibrium model based on risk management. Risk management of the supply chain network is one of the main contents of the supply chain management. There are many natural risks and factitious risk in the supply chain network. The situation of supply chain network risk factors leading to supply chain disruptions often occured, supply chain enterprises suffer huge losses. Aimed to further understand and resolve this problem, two kinds of supply chain network equilibrium model based on risk management were built. One is that the proportion of manufacturers supply retailers products was controlled by using risk factor; the other is that based on the probability and loss of risk factors occurrence each node manufacturers optimize their cost and profit. Three layers supply chain supernetwork equilibrium model was built. The sensitivity analysis was used to analyze the change of equilibrium flow with unusual risk rate and the probability and loss of risk factors occurrence of the supply chain. The perfect decision-making situation of other firms based on distinct risk management was understood by using the process of a single firm approaching equilibrium solution. The N-Q measures method of supernetwork performance measurement was used to measure the changes in the supply chain network performance. These models help to solve difficult application problems brought by the Supernetwork of supply chain risk management through multi-objective decision-making methods. These models also favor a combination of theoretical study and practical application of supply chain Supernetwork. These are valuable tools for vendors to make an optimal decision based on risk management in the supply chain network.