A Study On The Problem Of Effective Supply Of Educational Resources In China

Based on the problems of the educational resources supply in our country and the characteristics of the supply of educational resources, this paper explore the ways to achieve effective supply of educational resources by answering how to realize adequate supply, by who, how to realize fair supply,and how to improve the supply efficiency of education resources.Firstly, this paper builds up the framework of effective supply of educational resources.The characteristics of education can be identified from the connotation and function of education. The scarcity of resource require s sufficient supply of educational resources, and the attributes of public goods, public welfare and inclusive education requires fair supply of education resources to guarantee educational opportunities and rights of every member. Therefore, in the premise of clarifying the supply of education resources, adequacy, fairness and efficiency constitute the three dimensions of the effective supply of educational resources. Based on this comprehensive analysis framework, the analysis of the existing problems in the China education resource supply has been conduted.On the aspect of the supply bodies of education resources,the supply bodies of education resources depend on the strength of public goods attributes of education. The public goods attributes of education is different in compulsory education stage, secondary education stage and higher education. While compulsory education is a pure public good, some nature of private goods is added to middle school education and private. The paper compares government payments in the thr ee different stages of education.Then, the human capital investment and education cost-sharing is explored. On the one hand, individual payment part of human capital investment is analyzed from the perspective of the private attributes of education, which is mainly demonstrated by investment and expected benefits from education and other data. On the other hand, from the different stages of social development the paper explain that in primary education the public goods attributes of education is weak and pe rsonal investment accounts for a large proportion. With the social development, the spillover of education is growing, therefore the government’s pay efforts should be strong, personal investment reduces, and government and individual payout percentage wil l vary accordingly.On the aspect of the adequacy of educational resource supply,the adequacy of educational resource supply is the most basic guarantee for the goal of equity and efficiency. And it is affected by the stage of economic development, governm ent’s emphasis on it as well as its supply channels.Using the panel data of 22 counties from 1998 to 2002, this paper analyzes the influence factors of the adequate of education resources supply by Panel-VAR model. The empirical study result find that government’s emphasis on education, diversification of educational resource supply channels and the stage of economic development have a significant positive impact on the adequacy of education resources. Impulse response and variance decomposition show that while the stage of economic development has a more lasting influence on the adequacy of education resources and the diversification of educational resource supply channels can greatly enhance it, the influence of government’s emphasis on education is limited and restricted by the stage of economic development. International comparisons of the adequacy of education resources is also made.On the aspect of the rational allocation of education resources, the rational allocation of education resources is a k ey approach to realize effective supply. However, in fact China’s supply structure of education resource has been in a non-equilibrium state in long-term, which led to a series of problems related to educational equity. Based on the difference of education resources supply in urban and rural and in different regions, the effect of imbalances of the education resource supply structure on education equity is explored from the city orientation and elite orientation of the education resource supply. Further, th e Gini coefficient index which can reflect education equity is measured by inter-provincial panel data, and then its affecting factors are investigated from the education resource supply structure, such as financial factors, recruit factors as well as grad uate’s mobility factors.On the aspect of the efficiency of education resources, improving the efficiency of education resources is an important approach to realize effective supply. There are significant differences in the efficiency of the supply of edu cation resources in different education stages. Also education is a coherent process, so its overall efficiency is also dependent on the efficiency of the various stages. Therefore, applying a network SBM method, this paper measures the overall efficiency and stage efficiency of education resource supply of 28 provinces in China. And then its influencing factors are analyzed from the scale and level of regional economic development, the degree of marketing as well as regional administrative efforts. The results show that there is a significant differentiation trend of China’s education resources supply efficiency in different regions and different educational stage which mainly caused by regional institutional factors.Therefore, in order to realize effective supply of education resources in our country, should be based on public goods attribute of the education, human capital investment yields and the different economic development stage of investment of human capital externality balance personal investmen t and the proportion of government support. Realize the diversification of education resources supply channels through market-oriented reform is to improve education powerful way education resource sufficiency, the education resources to optimize the suppl y structure to realize equity of resource supply, suitable for government control of education in different stages of the strength of improving the efficiency of education resource supply.