The Time-Space Distribution Of Age And Achievements Of Humanities And Social Scientists Since The15th Century

With the advent of the information age and following great change into economic structure, social structure, environment, psychological condition, behavior, there being amount of complicated problems about society, economy, politics and management, which reveals developing humanities&social sciences is becoming active demand of times. Talent is the subject of humanities&social sciences development. The scarcity of scientific and educational resource as a strategic resource highlights the necessities of studying growth rules of humanities&social science talents and rationalizing resource distribution. For further deepening cognition of talents state, flourishing humanities and accommodating china’s cultural soft power construction, it is a pressing need for take the regularity of the development of humanities&social sciences. But since modern natural sciences rose, it had made remarkable devotion to the development of humanities. Compared with humanities natural science gets more attention, the position and function of humanities also get neglected and there is a dearth of research in the rule of humanities development.Foreign scholars emphasize the relationship between achievement productivity and age through research the growth rule of humanities talents, there are scholarly disputes among them, and finally form three opinions on the relationship between achievement productivity and age:positive correlation, inverse correlation, non-associated. They summarized three curve-shapes:single-peak curve, bimodal curve, linear to describe the relationship between achievement productivity and age through the model constructed by quantitative research, and gained different peak age data. In order to further explain the conclusion by quantitative research foreign scholar made theoretical analysis from multi-view, such as talent personal growth mechanism and external impact factor, to construct the theoretical model annotating empirical phenomenon perfectly. However, domestic scholars mainly through theoretical and experience level to summarize the talent growth rule in humanities&social sciences, analyze the character of phase and process and three impact factors during talent growth:social, personal, disciplinary. The paper researches time-space distribution phenomenon of age and achievement in humanities&social sciences talents, combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, takes literature research, contrast analysis and statistic analysis research methods. The source of data information the paper mainly come from Chinese version of Micropaedia and supplementary volume of1990, besides that the paper also utilizes World Blue Book of Humanities&Social Sciences and network resources of Google Scholar, Wikipedia, Baidu encyclopedia to verify and add vague or unsafe information, there are1391samples in paper.The time-space distribution of talents’age and achievement in humanities conclude achievement productivity age distribution, achievement time series distribution, achievement space distribution. The age of achievement productivity of the talent in humanities&social sciences matches the rule of lognormal distribution and the peak age is41. By century, from15th century to20th century the peak age decreases gradually. By13subjects in humanities&social sciences, the peak age of literature is36.8, economics is38.4, psychology is38.8, philosophy and art is respectively39.1, sociology is39.9, politics is40.9, religion is41.3, linguistics is41,4, anthropology is41.6. But history, archaeology and law have older peak-age, respectively is43.2,44.2and44.3. The peak age is a comparative concept which means optimal age of achievement productivity, only manifests that the possibility of acquiring achievement is high as humanities scientist is in this age period not each in this period could make achievement. There is a phenomenon of30years supernormal emergence period of achievements in humanities&social sciences from15th century to the end of20th century. Achievement is the carrier of the development of humanities, supernormal emergence of achievement means the peak of humanities development. In this period the development of Humanities and Social Sciences demonstrates the vigorous vitality and talents come forth in large numbers with fruitful achievements, in other words, there is30years of prosperous periodic fluctuation in humanities&social sciences. Great humanities country transforms eight times among Britain, Italy, France, German, and America from15th to1960s, there are3patterns during transformation process:one country big, mutual contending, multination alternative. With competition among countries being more and more fierce great humanities country shows3characteristics:firstly, more difficult to be great humanities country and need absolute advantage of achievement amount; secondly, powerful period being shorter and achievements space transformation speeding up; thirdly, the average of scientists amount in great humanities country shows exponential growth trend from15th century to the end of20th century.As humanities&social sciences inevitably gets multi-independent accidental or non-accidental factors during the process of development, it is highly complicated to analyze the space-time distribution of the age and achievement of humanities talents. So, in the view of logical rationality, due to human psychology and physiology show different period characteristic with age, creativity has the optimal period. With subject differentiation in humanities&social sciences and efficiency increase of academic research accumulation time of accomplishing creativity gets shorter, the optimal period of creativity namely the peak age keeps forward and the peak becoming younger and younger. However, the different differentiation degree of subject makes the peak age of talents creating achievement different during subjects. Young people generation after generation promote the paradigm transfer of humanities&social sciences. This transfer brings a flourishing period of emerging numerous achievements, and forming the phenomenon of intergenerational prosperity in humanities&social sciences, but social upheaval would make humanities downturn. Education centre is the important basic condition of being great humanistic country, the transformation of education would cause the transfer of great humanistic country.