Subaltern Contention And Grassroots Governance

This paper, from the perspectives of Subaltern Contention, grassroots governance and the interaction relationship between them, using the relationship between the state and the society as an analysis framework and the resistance event of the farmers of Z town in Central China as an empirical study, aims to grasp the order of the daily life of Chinese farmers to reveal the basic logic of Subaltern Contention and the system defects of grassroots governance, and reviews the main problems in the interactive process of resistance and governance to provide valuable references to establish a good order in the society of rural China.To study the social order of rural China from the perspectives of interactive relationship between the resistance and governance is an academic innovative attempt of this paper. From Empirical material analysis and research, we gained two valuable discoveries:(1) The progressive model of rural underlying struggle.Three elements of the underlying struggle, infringement awareness, protest culture and protest, strategy, are progressive relationship in the protest action, in which the former is the basis of the latter. In the three elements, the infringement awareness is the primary basis of the protest action. The primary reason why the group will make a protest action is that they recognized that their own interests are violated unreasonably and illegally. The protest culture plays a role as "catalyst" Mild protest culture is a negative catalyst, prompting protesters to give up confrontation calmly and turn to other ways to express their demands."Adversarial" culture "accelerated" protesters to make up their mind, prompting people to choose fighting as the main channel to express demands once encountered difficulties. Protest strategy is the concrete form of the protest action, and also the skill and the procedure of people achieving their goals by choosing to protest gently or intensely.(2) The involution trend of China’s rural grass-roots governance. At present, China’s rural grass-roots government and grass-roots organizations make their efforts mainly in clearing up the protest strategy in the process of governance, a particular form of which is the emphasis on "stability maintenance", the goal of the maintenance of stability is not to find the reasons behind the protest action or to solve the problem by improving the efficiency of governance, but to reflect the performance of the maintenance of stability by the attention and pressure of higher authority and the continued increasing work expenses, which makes grassroots governance show the characteristics and trends of involution. To solve the problem of the inefficient involuted grassroots governance, there are three ways:First, emphasizing on "stability maintenance skills", strive to resolve every protest event according to the law by-skilled governance; second, guiding the protest culture, eliminate its "confrontational" characteristics, turn "zero-sum game" to "positive sum game"; Third, effectively expand the channels for farmers to express their interest demands and help farmers to choose a legitimate way to fight to achieve the goal of the aspirations of interest.Based on the above, I think that although infringement cognition caused by economic factors are the main variables of the protest action, the effect of protest culture should not be neglected, in order to achieve a healthy and effective grass-roots governance, grass-roots government and grass-roots organizations can not just stay in the strategic objectives stage of the maintenance of stability, but also need to accurately grasp the principle and logic of the protest action, based on the perspective of social justice and social harmony. purposefully guide the protest culture, reshape the "infringement cognition of people, put their protest actions into the orbit of the law, solve the reason of the struggle action according to the law. In other words, paying attention to the protest culture in the underlying protest actions can promote grass-roots government to adopt coping strategies to effectively reduce the infringing cognition of farmers, and effectively build positive interaction relations between political and social, officials and the public, thus achieving a healthy and harmonious rural social order.