The Research On The Cultivation Of Active Citizenship From The Perspective Of Chinese Social Modernization Transformation

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, contemporary China has explored a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which final destination is to promote the comprehensive development of people and build a modern socialist country. The eighteenth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party has regarded "to achieve socialist modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation" as the general task of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. In this great journey of transformation of Chinese modernization, the modernization of people is undoubtedly the most important content throughout the development strategy. The modern man is just a modern citizenship person. We can say that the process of transformation that Chinese people from the identity of the subjects in the history to the modern citizenship is not only the process of transformation of Chinese social modernization, but also the process of enhancing their social status. In this context, enough to see it is essential that the construction of a modern active citizenship to achieve the goal of modernization of Chinese society, but also to the free and full development of every Chinese people.Citizens are equal members of society within the scope of a nation-state, then, what does it mean of the "title" of "citizen"? This is the main problem to be solved on the citizenship theory.Citizenship in the modern state covers three main theoretical implications. First, it marks a citizenship status. It means the citizenship is regarded primarily as the individual’s membership in a political community in the country. Secondly, it marks a system of rights and obligations. This intention is to define the relationship between the members and the members of the body together with the community. Finally, citizenship means acting. As a citizen involved in the operations, its main meaning is closely related to the citizenship and the country. Only integrating into the community and involving in action, especially involving in modern lifestyles and social practices, the citizenship is the modern active citizenship.To build Chinese citizenship theory, it is necessary to investigate different ways and features for Chinese citizenship.At least, there are many differences on the producing pathway of citizenship between Chinese and Western countries, but also in their contents. In other words, we need a comparative perspective on the different historical backgrounds of citizenship. The construction process of Chinese citizenship is linked with the process of the Chinese People’s self exteriors, it is in the process of the Westernization Office and the Reformation and the Constitutionalislii Movement that the people’consciousness of citizenship was nurtured and inspired gradually, and the construction conditions of a citizen identity were accumulated. The process of Chinese citizenship transformation is also the process of Chinese transformation from an ancient traditional society to the modern society. In the current political and legal level, our citizenship has been clearly defined and confirmed, but due to various factors, our citizens haven’t completely reflected the positive side of consciousness and behavior as Chinese citizens, i. e. there still exists some factors that affect the real citizenship as it should be in the practice. The construction of contemporary Chinese citizenship needs to regard the active citizenship as its target. On the one hand, citizens should actively participate in the rational behavior to defend the civil rights and to fulfill their civic duty. On the other hand, they should have some citizen virtues, such as the strong sense of loyalty, the participating spirit, the public concern, the consciousness of solidarity and cooperation, and so on.The cultivating of active citizenship is expanded around the four dimensions of citizen consciousness and citizen virtue and citizen spirit and citizen value. The first is to evoke citizen consciousness, so that people can engender the main psychological identity and rational consciousness as the country’s subject in the political, economic, legal and other activities. The second is to cultivate citizen virtue, so that people can actively participate in social and political affairs, caring society with its own citizen character, thereby seeking benefits for themselves and their social community. The third is achieving citizen spirit, to make people realize national identity, country identity, political legitimacy identity, social groups and social norms identity. They can cultivate their own abilities of involving in politics, maintaining rights, meeting obligations in the experience of training activities and social practices. The fourth is cultivating citizen value, to make spiritual pursuit and value conscious internalized in the heart and just do it in practice. After the cultivating of the formers, we need to find concrete ways and paths to construct for the active citizenship. First, the social organization should be developed and improved. Relying on the specialized organizations as a platform to foster active citizenship is of benefit not only to normalization and institutionalization for citizen’s participating in social life practice of, but also to restrict and regulate the citizen participation behavior. Second is constructing the socialist citizen culture. Thus we can focus on fostering some positive spiritual quality required for good citizenship and cultural citizenship. The third is to strengthen citizen education. Members of society can be trained to become active citizens concerned with public affairs and social development of the country. They will be the active citizen of the democratic consciousness of equality and politics capabilities. The fourth is to guide citizen participation. All the meaning of democratic can be truly achieved only through participation of citizens. Similarly, only through participation the citizen can enjoy the rights, realize the rights, and fulfill their citizen obligations. In a sense, the current level of citizen’s participating in public life practice has become an important indicator to measure our social democratization.