The Aalysis Of Industrial Economics Thought Of Modern England

British modern industrial organization thoughts is the research object of this paper, which tries to review the evolvement of the industrial organization thoughts in the history of the modern British.It is our viewpoint that the modern British industrial organization thoughts, that are the ones on the organization methods of modern economics, is a great achievement to industrial organizations and plays an important part in industrial policies, structure modulating and incubating social common views of modern economics.Firstly, the modern economics is open universally, of which the organization method is different from the old close economics. Especially after the arising of capitalism, the economic organization method has been a most important element of social structure, and British is the earliest country that started modernization, so the interrelated thoughts have great meanings of revelation.Secondly, the British economic thinkers were the earliest ones who studied industry economics and also did the research of the modern industrial organizations deeply by the main category of market, after which there were the schools of classical economics, new-classical economics, Keynes and so on one by one. They made great contributions to the study of market and organization, so doing the research of their developing and evolving can deepen the understanding of this period of history.The paper is divided into 5 chapters.Chapter 1 is the introduction, which deals mainly with the meanings of this paper and the primary definition of concepts. The basic objects of this chapter are introducing the research achievements in the past synthetically, analyzing the definition of industrial organization, introducing the meanings of this research, and introducing paper constructions and data materials in order to make preparations for the latter arguments.Chapter 2 deals mainly with the origin of industrial organization thoughts. There are two sections in this chapter. The latter sections discus mainly the industrial organization thoughts in the pre-scientific (or theory) stage before Adam Smith (and including Adam Smith). Firstly, the early industrial organization thoughts that have the feature of Mercantilism are analyzed critically. Secondly, the origin of Adam Smith’s theory is analyzed. In this chapter what are mainly dealt with are the thoughts of some political thinkers, including Thomas Hobbes, John Locke,David Hume. Their thoughts made preparations for the industrial organization thoughts of Adam Smith from the view of methodology.Chapter 3 deals mainly with the classical industrial organization thoughts. The first section mainly analyzes Adam Smith’s industrial organization thoughts. In general, the industrial organization thoughts before Adam Smith are basically between general knowledge and industry politics, which are short of deeper ontological supporting and concept defining. It is under the influence of Adam Smith that the British industrial organization thoughts began leaving the pre-scientific stage of chaos to the stage of scientific standardization. The second section analyzes mainly the achievements of Ricardo. In the time of Ricardo, British Industry Revolution happened, and what was the fact is that British had a durative developing economy, as well as the research of economic thoughts was going into scientific standardization deeply. Furthermore, what Ricardo has achieved greatly to industrial organization thoughts is his theory of comparative superiority and differential land rent as well as his abstract analyzing style as of Newton.Chapter 4 deals mainly with the industrial organization thoughts after marginal revolution. The first section mainly analyzes the achievements of Marshall. After marginal revolution, Marshall introduced the basic concepts of Manufacturer Theory, Market Equilibrium, and numbers of mathematic methods into economics. Then, in the research of industrial organization thoughts, in which it was the superficial concepts that could be used only, researchers began using more powerful concepts and tools, and could make such a analyzing that is combined with the basic economic behavior subjects as of enterprises (or Manufacturers). It is just in this stage that the new-classic industrial organization thoughts began being formed, and the primitive incompact industrial organization thoughts became more systemic and controllable. In despite of what the latter economists evaluated about Marhall, his methods, hypothesis, and basic concepts are all the analyzing basis of the industrial organization. The second section mainly analyzes the industrial organization thoughts of Keynes School. In the time of Keynes, along with the advancing of the 2nd Industrial Revolution, the appearing of the monopoly enterprises as well as the durative developing of capitalism in which there was the demanding of country’s general management, and the striking of the economic Great Depression, all the pure microcosmic analyzing methods of industrial organization thoughts, which were held by the researchers before Keynes, were rocked. Then, the country could not continue slacking off in the developing process of economy, as the industry politics needed more deep resolving projects according to the industrial organization problems. So there happened the so-called Keynes Revolution. Keynes tried to analyze and discuss the industrial organization problems from a macroscopic view, and finely changed the old industrial organization thoughts into a kind of more operable economics with a strong theoretical basis. As a result, there appeared a kind of intermediate analyzing view of economics, so that the analyzing of structure-performance and monopolization-competition became more scientifically confirming.Chapter 5 is the epilogue, which mainly deals with what we are thinking of the British industrial organization thoughts and their developing trend. This part is about the culture background and the evolvement of drive in the industrial organization thoughts’developing, and the inner relations between industrial organizations and modern economies, as well as the prospect to the trend of British industrial organization, because they not only reflect the importance of British industrial organization thoughts in the whole modern British economic history since the modern times, but the unique features of industrial organization thoughts’ developing in different stages, which will have some illuminating meaning to our county’s industrial organization thoughts.