The Comparison Of The Effects Of Meditation On Meta Cognitive Knowledge, Experience And Regulation In China And Vietnam

This study compares the effects of meditation on meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation in china to the effects in Vietnam to develop a new research field in psychological science. Based on relevant theories and the existing questions of previous research results, we propose research ideas, hypothesis and design.The related theory in this study refers to self-awareness, self- experience and self-adjustment. Meanwhile, this study takes the different level of the three aspects as a measure of the level of meta cognition and meditation. The subjects are persons having meditation experience and without meditation experience from China and Vietnam. The self-made Three Subscales of Meta Cognition and Scales of Meditation Cognition are used in this study. Firstly, we investigate the different levels of meta cognition and meditation of two groups of participants under the conditions of meditation experience and without meditation experience, then analyzes the reasons of the differences arising. Also, we examine whether meditation and the three aspects of meta cognition have correlation and interaction effects. The conclusions of this study are as follows:Firstly, the self-made Meditation Cognition Scale includes four dimensions: self-observation, self-acceptance, self-reaction and self-adjustment. Three Subscales of Meta Cognition consists of three subscales. The Meta Cognitive Knowledge Subscale includes three dimensions:self management, information management and practice management; The Meta Cognitive Experience Subscale has three dimensions:the early experience, the medium experience and the end experience; The Meta Cognitive Regulation Subscale includes three dimensions:self-preparation, self-feedback and self-consciousness. The four scales all have good reliability and validity, so it can be used for our study and future research.Secondly, through the comparison of meditation and the level of meta cognitive knowledge, meta cognitive experience and meta cognitive regulation, the difference between China and Vietnam shows significance. The level of Vietnam group is lower than China group in different gender, age, residence, education level and occupation. Moreover, the significant difference varies with the change of length of meditation experience. Under the condition of meditation, the level of meta cognivite knowledge, meta cognitive experience and meta cognitive regulation increased significantly, which means meditation exerts positive influence on these three cognitive factors. We can see the specific results as follows:Study 1:The level of meditation shows difference. Different gender subjects’ meditation is significantly different. Level of Men group’s meditation is higher than women’s in China, while in Vietnam the result is on the contrary. Age also shows difference. The level of meditation reaches the highest under the age of 18 and stays the lowest among 19 to 36 years old. The level of Vietnam group reaches the highest over the age of 18 while the lowest level is among 35 to 50 years old. Different living areas also show differences. Overall, the Vietnamese group has significantly lower level than Chinese group and the level of the urban subjects shows significantly lower than rural subjects in both groups. Moreover, different education degree proves significantly different in the level of meditation. In China group, subjects’degree above master’s degree presents the highest level, while the high school degree subjects’level of meditation shows the lowest. The level of the primary school degree subjects, including of the unschooled, is only lower than the master’s degree. The middle school degree subjects are just higher than high school degree subjects. In Vietnam group, the master’s degree is the highest, while the primary school is the lowest. And the middle school degree is the second highest, the high school degree the third, the bachelor degree the forth. Significant differences exist in different occupations and also in these two different countries. But in both countries, the level of teachers’meditation is higher than other professionals.Study 2:Female’s level of meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation are lower than male’s generally. In terms of different living areas, the level of meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation of urban group are significantly higher than the rural group. The higher educational degree, the higher level of meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation. The level of meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation of bachelor degree and master’s degree is relatively stable. Meta cognitive level increases and reaches into a stable state when the experience of meditation comes to more than five years.Thirdly, meditation significantly correlates with different dimensions of meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation. When nationality regarded as a controlled variable, we find four factors of meditation significantly correlated with meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation, Based on this result, we can infer that culture background of meditation, instead of meditation per se, contributes to the difference of meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation.Fourthly, regression analysis between length of meditation experience and meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation, finds different predictive effects of alternative length of meditation experience.Fifthly, correlation and interaction are found among self-observation, self-acceptance, self-reaction, self-adjustment and meta cognition. Especially, Period of meditation interacts with four factors of meditation and correlates with meta cognitive knowledge, experience and regulation.