Verification On Issues About Border Areas And The National Geographic Of Western Han Dynasty

The paper presents a tentative opinion on border areas and nationality geography in Western Han Dynasty based on those earlier efforts.The paper verifies that Zhe Lu Zhang was in Juyan, the recordation of Zhe Lu Zhang was in Hexi Corridor may be a farfetched or misnomer analogy. The place where Li Ling lost the fight should be located within a distance of hundred miles from Zhe-Lu-Zhang in Juyan. The opinion what Shen Zengzhi presented of Li Ling lost the fight between Wuyuan and Dingxiang is untenable. Li Ling cannot lose the fight in Fulu County. The so-called’Bei Hai’where the Huns imprisoned Su Wu is located on the wildness beside of Ulan Bator nowadays, but not Bai Ting Hai of Minqin. Based on the carding of geographical and historical evidences in <Yuan He Jun Xian Tu Zhi>,<Tai Ping Huan Yu Ji>or the other literature about Bai Ting Hai, the paper maintains the Sequence of these written records. The appellation of Bai Ting Hai in Liangzhou did not exist in Western Han Dynasty. Bai Ting Hai of Guzang should be an analogy of Bai Ting Jun’s location which was written in<Yuan He Jun Xian Zhi>. The Legend of Su Wu was imprisoned in Bai Ting Hai should be a stacked account in history. Long Le Shui what recorded in <Du Shi Fang Yu Ji Yao> is a mixture concept with Di Zhi Shui in Longle County of <Han Shu·Di Li Zhi>,Long Le Shui in Shouchang County of <Yuan He Jun Xian Tu Zhi>and South Long Le Shui in East Jun Ji Mountain of <Han Shu·Li Guang Su Jian Zhuan>.Gu Zuyu thought that Long Le Shui is a non-existent river in history.In <Du Shu Za Zhi>, Wang Niansun suspected that’Zhi Nan Hai Yi Wei Ba Jun’ of <Han Shu·Yan Zhu Wu Qiu Zhu Fu Xu Yan Zhong Wang Jia Zhuan>and ’Nan Mie Bai Yue, Qi Qi Jun’ of <Han Shu·Wei Xian Zhuan> were mistaken records. But after the analyzing of context and content by Jia Juan Zhi and Liu Xin’s memorials to the throne, Wang Niansun’s opinion was inappropriate.’Zhi Nan Hai Yi Wei Ba Jun’should be the establishment of eight counties what Emperor Wu of Han exploited by force in Yue Region (Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Xiangjun, Hepu, Daner, Zhuya, Rinan).’Nan Mie Bai Yue, Qi Qi Jun’ should be the establishment of seven counties what Emperor Wu of Han exploited in mainland of South Yue (Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Xiangjun, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen). In<Nian Er Shi Kao Yi>, Qian Daxin suspected that Tian Shui Shang Gui’ of <Han Shu·Fu Chang Zheng Gan Chen Duan Zhuan> was a mistaken record. But after the analyzing of division-limit of <Han Shu·Di Li Zhi> and born-year of Zhao Chongguo, Shangguan Jie, Duan Huizong, plus the historical fact that Tianshui County started the establishment in Shanggui, Qian Daxin’s opinion was inappropriate. The admission of the statement that’Tianshui Shanggui’ is reliable can be helped in exploring the changing of Tianshui County’s administrative district.’Zhuya Qi Jun’ of <Han Shu·Xi Yu Zhuan Xia> should be the establishment of seven counties what Emperor Wu of Han exploited in South Yue which was abounded in horn, hawksbill, ivory around sea (Nanhai, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, Rinan, Zhuya, Daner).The paper roughly confirms that the located of Guanyu was around Yuhun, Guanyu most probable was Hunyu.<Xin Shu·Xiong Nu> was a policy strategy which Jia Yi provided to Emperor Wen of Han. This method had the proactive side, but was less practical than Chaocuo’s method. About the year of Junchen-Chanyu’s accession, the general opinion was Houyuan Three-Year during Emperor Wen of Han, but only minority scholars thought that was Houyuan Five-Year during Emperor Wen of Han. The paper verifies that should be Houyuan Four-Year during Emperor Wen of Han.’Li Si Sui’ of <Han Yuan> which quoted from <Han Shu> was very suspicious. The method that integrated with’Ju Yan Zhi’,’Jun Zhu Zhi’ of <Ju Yan Xin Jian> E.P.T59:582and the route of Huo Qubing’s advancing on Xiong Nu in Yuanshou Two-Year summer was an abuse of Dual Evidences Method. The route of Huo Qubing’s advancing to Hexi from Badain Jaran Desert both skirted Xiong Nu and ensured water, which was far probable than the route from Hexi Corridor. The year of Zhengji was first given the title Anyuan Hou which was recorded in<Han Shu> was unsuspicious.The paper thinks that in the early of Wester Han Dynasty, there came into being an Nationality Corridor from Mongolian Plateau, Hexi Corridor to Southwestern Yi, South of the Five Ridges. Nan Yue and Xiong Nu were both the external encroachment on the north and south frontier in Western and Eastern Han Dynasty. Xiong Nu kept a close contacting on Nan Yue, Ba Shu and Southwestern Yi were the communication bridges between Nan Yue and Xiong Nu. The issue of Xiong Nu was inseparable from those of Feudatory King, Nan Yue, Western Regions, Various Qiang and so on. The military strategy of Emperor Wu of Han like exploiting Hexi, connecting Western Regions and conquering Nan Yue was a progressively and necessarily action which taken by every emperors in Han Dynasty, but not only the craving for greatness and success of Emperor Wu of Han. The appraising of the issue of border areas in Western Han Dynasty must be analyzed Under the background of the relation between Han and Xiong Nu.