Enlightenment And Human

The Dissertation Enlightenment and Human:A Comparative Study of Nietzsche and Fang Dongmei begin from the introspection of life philosophy to Enlightenment, by comparing Nietzsche and Fang Dongmei to examine China’s modern transformation. Enlightenment establish standards for modern western, but it also brings a series of problems, Nietzsche’s philosophy is undoubtedly the earliest introspection to the Enlightenment. In the modern transformation process Chinese philosophy inevitably find a way out from the West, while western life philosophy just to meet with Chinese traditional philosophy which attach importance to life, in this case, the modern transformation of Chinese philosophy face the intersection of Enlightenment and Counter-Enlightenment, but China did not have a clear and indepth understanding when it assimilating western thought, so it resulted in a series of problems in the Chinese philosophy transformation.This dissertation reveal the problem from comparing Nietzsche and Fang Dongmei, because of two reason:first, their thoughts all pay close attention "life", and secondly, Nietzsche has influence on Fang Dongmei and it has not been studied. This study build around two levels:First, the ontological level, and the second is human. In the dissertation, the first, second and third chapters discuss life from the level of ontology, the fourth, fifth and sixth chapters are focused on Nietzsche’s "overman" and Fang Dongmei’s "holistic". The dissertation starting from critique of west life philosophy to Enlightenment, Nietzsche is undoubtedly anti-Enlighten harbinger, his critique of the Enlightenment concept keep pace with his concern of life itself, this dissertation discusses Nietzsche’s life ontology; secondly, more importantly, the dissertation analyze the influence that is Nietzsche’s life to Fang Dongmei, trying to reveal Fang Dongmei’s problems when he assimilate Nietzsche’s thought into traditional Chinese philosophy, while it analyze Fang Dongmei universal life ontology; third, the dissertation compares Nietzsche’s life ontology with Fang Dongmei’s universal life ontology from ontology and source, ontology and way, ontology and value, analyzing Nietzsche and Fang Dongmei select the source of their own culture when they face the modern crises, obviously, the two cultures (ancient Greece and original Confucianism) are different in the mode of thinking and values, and perhaps this is the reason that Fang Dongmei can not merge Nietzsche’s though to Chinese traditional thought. Whether Nietzsche or Fang Dongmei, their philosophy is to ultimately find a way for human, so on the basis of ontology, the dissertation discusses Nietzsche’s "overman" and Fang Dongmei "holistic" from human level. In this section, the dissertation discuss Nietzsche and Fang Dongmei’s expectations for human, at the same time, concerning influence of Fang Dongmei to Nietzsche and overman theory to China Enlightenment. The comparison of "overman" theory and "holistic" theory involve human nature, the relationship between man and God and the way the problem of human existence, we can find that both of them pay attention to life, but Fang Dongmei has different views to human existence, this also shows that Chinese and Western culture at its source would have a different thinking pattern and realization.The dissertation starting from Enlightenment in order to discuss transformation of modern Chinese philosophy, so that the front of dissertation discuss from of two levels: ontology and human, on the one hand, it compare Nietzsche with Fang Dongmei, both look like the same philosophical system, but have different principles, on the other hand, the dissertation is to explore assimilation that Fang Dongmei does it from Nietzsche, in this process we can find problems, of course, which is not fully reflect all problems, but it is a careful analysis that can find some specific problems. Specifically, Chinese philosophy reconstruction focus on three aspects:First, lack of understanding of the Western Enlightenment, Fang Dongmei recognize the importance of the Enlightenment, he stand on the position to maintain Chinese traditional culture, and choose life as the core of his philosophy, but eventually he returned to the Chinese philosophy, in fact, his philosophy is still a replica of traditional Chinese philosophy. the second is that it is unable to break through the traditional Chinese thinking way:the nature and man unites as one, that makes the understanding to human still stay at divinity, as a feature of Chinese philosophy, this thinking way make us ponder acception or rejection and existence of human; third, life confines is an integral part of most modern neo-Confucian thoughts, but we see that this doctrine is powerless in today’s society, it is only one yearn as an ideal, but can not works in reality.