| "City" and "Aesthetics" have become two major studies at present. Urban aesthetics is an outcome conforming to the development of city and aesthetics. Viewing from the current situation, the research on urban aesthetics is relatively weak in general, which still has issues such as insufficient systematicness and comprehensiveness. For that reason, this article conducts an integral research on the important fundamental issues on urban aesthetics, so as to lay a foundation for the subsequent research on urban aesthetics.This article firstly defines the concept of urban aesthetics, proposes a definition that "It is a comprehensive humanistic subject that studies the universal law of urban beauty, appreciation of urban beauty and practice of urban beauty", and clarifies the research object, basic content and basic nature of the discipline of urban aesthetics. It also differentiates, analyses and defines several individual important and confusing basic concepts.On the basis of being clear about the concepts of urban aesthetics and so on, this article conducts relatively systematic research on the discipline construction of urban aesthetics. It elaborates the necessity to construct the discipline of urban aesthetics, analyzes the discipline background thereof, clarifies the relationship among the disciplines of urban aesthetics, aesthetics and urban-rural planning, and points out that the urban aesthetics should step out of the camp of aesthetics, so as to become a discipline subordinating to urban-rural planning. This article further proposes the disciplinary knowledge frame and disciplinary system of urban aesthetics, and deems that the knowledge frame thereof is a structure of "three layers and one base", including philosophy of urban beauty, appreciation of urban beauty, rule of urban beauty (three layers), and history of urban beauty (one base).Based on discipline construction, this article conducts further research on the basic issues of the two parts, i.e., philosophy of urban beauty and appreciation of urban beauty.The basic issues of philosophy of urban beauty mainly include three sections, i.e., source, essence and feature of urban beauty. This article seeks the footprints of urban beauty from the origin and development of cities, and summarizes the source of urban beauty; with the source of urban beauty and essence of beauty as the basis, proposes the "three essential properties" of urban beauty, i.e.,"biological satisfaction","social embodiment" and "spiritual expression" of mankind, preliminarily analyzes the significance of the essence of urban beauty, illuminates the relationship among the three essential properties and basic function thereof, and points out the views such as "non-pure vision" of urban beauty and idea of "from bottom to top" that should be insisted on; and summarizes that the urban beauty has three features, i.e.,"comprehensive beauty, heterogeneous beauty, and composite beauty".The basic issues of appreciation of urban aesthetics mainly include aesthetic subject, aesthetic object and the relationship between them. Then, based on the research on the evolution process of the urban aesthetic subject, this article points out a trend of subject generalization and differentiation, based on which it proposes the necessity to divide the subjects. From the two angles of social investigation and theoretical analysis, this article establishes a two-level partition criterion of the urban aesthetic subject with space attribute as the principal factor and the natural attribute and social attribute as the accessorial factors. By analyzing the extension of aesthetic object, this article points out that the city is a unique aesthetic object, having five distinctive attributes of function, commonality, space-time, system with no interval. Aesthetic judgment is an embodiment of the relationship between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. This article finally conducts a specialized research on the judgment system of urban aesthetics. Based on the analysis of the conventional "separate mode" and "intervention mode", this article proposes a "combined judgment system based on aesthetic field", and discusses the composition, method, application and significance of the judgment system. |
