| This paper takes Kang Youwei as a side-view type studying object, as a coordinates of "an advanced Chinese learning from the West", demonstrates his experience and analysis the features of his thoughts. His creative thoughts such as Xinxue Weijing, asking ancient for restructuring and Datong doctrine, had set off a stirring reformers thought in modern Chinese history.Kang Youwei called for political reform on the memorial and impacted old culture by the New Text school,meanwhile, he promoted a new aesthetic on artistic aesthetics, in particular, an extensive research on the art of calligraphy.As the leading figures of the Reformation Movement, Kang left a brilliant page on China’s modern history. It is hard to imagine what kind of state would be of Chinese calligraphy in the turning of the era and the century, without the intervention of Kang in the late Qing Dynasty. Of course, this does not mean that the Qing Dynasty Monument Studies Movement would be aborted or died down with out Kang. As an individual, he by no means had extraordinary magical abilities. His impact on the creation and theory of calligraphy could not be avoided and ignored.Kang Youwei is a famous politician, thinker and a scholar with a lot of works. According to "Wanmucaotang series catalogue", his works amount to137through jing, chi, zi and ji, of which political theory books take up the most--such as very influential "Kongzi Gaizhikao","Xinxue Weijingkao" and "Datongshu"--and on literature and art,in addition to "Guangyizhoushuangji",there is "Wanmucaotang paintings diary"etc.Full of political enthusiasm for a letter is unsuccessful, with dashed hopes and anguish, Kang changed his energy and interest towards the study of the Classics and epigraphy, that result on the influent great wide "Guangyizhoushuangji"."Guangyizhoushuangji" is the product of Kang’s political frustrated and depressed thinking, while it is also the product of his broad range of knowledge literacy of old and new sinology and western and evolution of the reformation thoughts concentrated on calligraphy.Kang was born in a mayor of "pass on of Lixue" and laid a solid Guoxue basis since childhood. In the study of Kang and his calligraphy theory, it is essential to note the impact of the particular background of historical trend of the west and the modern new school and traditional culture in that time, only by this can we understand the intensity of the Kang’s innovative ideas to the theory of calligraphy, and correctly grasp and fully estimated its significance.Kang’s calligraphy is a peak in a particular era, can it be studied from academic history, cultural history, intellectual history to highlight its national values, and from the environment and development of the arts community to examine its era values? From the combine of era values and national values, another face of Kang’s calligraphy maybe found. This period, great results of Kang’s calligraphy has been achieved; they were not so ideal in depth. For example, the ontology of the study of Kang’s calligraphy works still remain in a simple state, this area is valuable for Kang not only made tremendous achievements in calligraphy theoretically, but also has the level of the history of calligraphy masterpieces. The depth of Kang’s calligraphy theory has some fruits, while the overall depth research is less.With the above questions, in the process of collecting information, I always have a few problems to be clarified:1.over the years, many people in academia believe that Kang launched the Reformation Movement ideology and theory stems from the New Text school, but this article considers it to be the product of the Western theory of evolution.2.Kang’s calligraphy theory is "heavy suppress Posts and base Tang", but this article believe that the post-school concept is an important part of Kang’s theory. According to exploring analysis by Kang’s post-school concept and its causes, this article has a more profound understanding on his "suppress posts". When he advocated the monument construction of the monument theory, he had experienced many times to know the value of post school. So the artistic practice of the monument, the rubbings compatible with the artistic practice in his later years is even more valuable.3.the New Culture Movement pioneered China’s modern civilization by democracy and science, whose baptism has impacted various areas of traditional culture. But calligraphy did not experience such words baptism, regardless of the content and from(including language content), but also the theory and creative practice of classical. It has not yet to cause people to think deeply about the strange cultural phenomenon.The purpose of the study of history is taking ancient as warning, opening today by the ancient. The study of reform thought of Kang and his calligraphy, makes us a more in-depth understanding of Kang, more clear understanding of the historical development of calligraphy, and more important is to learn the roads and thought of calligraphy for a lot of useful inspiration for our contemplation and understanding of the cultural spirit of the times.This article argues that for contemporary calligraphers, traditional learning is not surplus but insufficient. For the one hand, it is essential to emphasize the traditional regression, not only the learning of techniques, but also the opening up of history theory and aesthetics; For the other hand, by the development of modern society, calligraphy should have updated landscape and development. These two areas appears to be contrary, but it is actually uniform. Without traditional regression, it is impossible to exceed the previous generation. The purpose of returning to the tradition is innovation.With research, comparison, analysis method, this article conduct a comprehensive study into the cultural background of the whole era of Kang’s artistic life, the origin of calligraphy and calligraphy theory, reveal his inherent cultural feelings and personality spirit, and assess his contribution of monument movement and position the importance in the history of calligraphy.The authors hope this article can initiate, provide a cornerstone for scholars concerned about Kang, in order to facilitate the study of Kang. |
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