The Research Of Mencius Internal-sage With External-sage

The politics of the Confucian is a kind of politics of moralization, Its starting point is respect to humanbeings and trust to the human nature,"Internal-sage with external-sage" in cultivating oneself and managing people as fundamental stone, and the moral is combined with politics as one, the Confucian speak politics is the ethical extension; And expand the personal moral to the idea of political philosophy.Mencius "Internal-sage with external-sage" from ’moral’ thought in Book of Odes, inherit the spirit of Confucius benevolence. the political ideology based on "nature goodness theory", have both the reality and person who surmount concurrently. Mencius "Internal-sage with external-sage" basic personality is portraied by nature goodness humanism of manage numerous and disorderly in the current world situation.The very first, Mencius thought of "Internal-sage with external-sage" must distinguish justice and profit and distinguish sovereign moral and an king to be unreasonable. However, corresponding suffering of times, the most important part of Mencius thought of "Internal-sage with external-sage" is ’sovereign moral’ and ’benevolent reign’.Sovereign moral is the policy that spoken by the king as main idea. Benevolent reign is the policy which does on people remains. Mencius insist the ideal of ’sovereign moral’ and ’benevolent reign’ all the time, opposes hegemony, embraces people, faces suffering, and hopes morals ideal can practice in realistic politics. This kind of practice philosophy spirit shows that it can educate the politics with the moral, turning politics into the moral, the unity of the "Internal-sage with external-sage" is exactly the relation of Confucian’s politics and moral.Mencius emphasizes the significance of common citizens in the state and believes in Sovereign Morality and Benevolent Reign. However, in his political beliefs a King still has the main authority to rule a country. Due to the political reality, we have to admit the fact that politics and morality cannot be combined. The reason why innate goodness cannot bloom political accomplishments is because in the view of Mencius, politics and morals are inseparable. The line between public scope (public morals) and private scope (private morals) is vague. When the national sovereignty falls on a King but not citizens, it is impractical to expect that a ruler is willing to minimize his own sovereignty and stresses on his commoners. Therefore, Mencius’ philosophy about Internal-sage and External-sage are too idealistic in the real politics. The new Confucianism and Western culture have made great impact on scholars in recent decades. Based on Internal-sage and External sage philosophy of Mencius, those scholars intend to modernize Confucianism with different methodology and concepts. However, because of the lack of research on real political system and the over-emphasis on morality, the Confucian modernization was in vain. Another group of scholars completely denied the value of tradition and wanted to import democracy directly from Western to fix the deficiency of Chinese political system. It can be a resolution but other factors such as people’s perception about democracy, social environment, corruption democracy and social immorality should be neglected. Democracy would not be expressed in reality or ideal from the view of realism and idealism of politics. Both reality and ideal are needed in the whole area of democracy, only in this way, positive interrelationship between would be demonstrated. Especially, only if explain relationship between realities and values in the balance of "to be" and "ought to be", we could understand that the practice of political idea and ethics are not only different and divided, but inter-depended and inspected.In Li-Lo, Mencius says that "the goodness of human nature alone cannot sustain good politics, vice versa." Mencius advocated that a ruler should rule his country justly. It is a complement to the recent democratic sovereignty. In other words, the value of morality can resolve the crisis brought by democratic system. It is also believed that innate moral-cultivation can help improve the quality of the external controls in a society. Morals help maintain the righteousness of democratic sovereignty. Only a combination of Eastern and Western sage can create prosperities in the future.