The Research On Jin Shi Zheng Lei Bei Ji Ben Cao And The Academic Culture Of The Song Dynasty

Jin Shi Zheng Lei Bei Ji Ben Cao (is shorted as Zheng Lei Ben Cao), is a herbalism masterpiece of 60 million words; is compiled by a famous medical expert Tang Shenwei in the Northern Song Dynasty. The first draft of Zheng Lei Ben Cao was compiled in Song Shenzong Yuanfeng period (1078-1085), and was published in No. Five Year to Eight Year of Song Zhezong Yuanyou period (1090-1093). In Song Huizong grand two years (1108), Ai Sheng revised Zheng Lei Ben Cao, and renamed the Jing Shi Zheng Lei Bei Ji Daguan Bencao (shorted for Daguan Bencao), which drew Song Huizong’s attention, who ordered the people to reedit it, and which was enacted as the national legal Pharmacopoeia named Zhenghe Xinxiu Jing Shi Zheng Lei Bei Yong Bencao (shorted for Zhenhe Bencao) in No. Six Year of Zhenghe (1116). Zheng Lei Ben Cao is the most important herbalism works before the appearance of Materia Medica. Zheng Lei Ben Cao covers almost the main contents of the herbalism literature before the Song Dynasty, and creates a number of greatest herbalism achievements of the Song Dynasty. Zheng Lei Ben Cao records 1,742 kinds of drug taste, efficacy and indications, cites more than 200 types of literature, and is the herbalism works of the Song Dynasty, including the largest number of herbal drug types and citations. Zheng Lei Ben Cao supplements more than 3,000 prescriptions collected from previous literature, which makes drug application and use very clear and has clinical application, so that "To prove the drug use by prescriptions" becomes an important writing style of herbalism works.The cited literature in Zheng Lei Ben Cao not only has important values for compilation, but provides an important perspective for us to study the academic culture of the Song Dynasty. Based on outlining the previous herbal medicine history before Zheng Lei Bencao, this dissertation explores the historical background, the main transmission and style of Zheng Lei Bencao. Based on discussing the compilation and contents of Zheng Lei Ben Cao, this dissertation studies the inner relationship among Zheng Lei Ben Cao and some academic culture of the Song Dynasty, such as pharmacology of traditional Chinese medical formulae, economics Taosim history literature and so on and then discusses the values of Zheng Lei Ben Cao and the revealed hidden dangers of the Song Dynasty medicine. This study will be helpful to deepen the study on medical history and cultural history of the Song Dynasty, also help to deepen our understanding of the prosperity and hidden dangers in the Song Dynasty medicine.Zheng Lei Ben Cao, as a whole herbalism masterpiece, has the variorum significance to the herbal medicine. Although Tang Shenwei cited literature without distinguishment, from the types and numbers of literature he quoted, his unspoken thoughts can still be found. Based on the previous research, there are the following innovations in the dissertation:first, the dissertation classifies the complement documents by Tang Shenwei after Mo Gaizi in Zheng Lei Bencao according to Confucian classics, history, philosophy and literature, and statistically analyzes the literature in the Song Dynasty quoted by Zheng Lei Bencao. Second, the dissertation studies the relationship between Zheng Lei Bencao and Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang, which is the monograph of pharmacology of traditional Chinese medical formulae in North Song Dynasty; through the literature comparing Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang in Zheng Lei Bencao and present Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang, this dissertation explores the values of Zheng Lei Bencao citing the pharmacology of traditional Chinese medical formulae in North Song Dynasty. Third, the dissertation studies the relationship between Zheng Lei Bencao and Er Ya Shu, which is an exegetics monograph in North Song Dynasty, and explores the interactive relationship between the interpretation of thingology and the exegetics in North Song Dynasty, from Zheng Lei Bencao citing Er Ya Shu, Er Ya Shu citing herbal literature and the mutual identification of Zheng Lei Bencao and Er Ya Shu. Fourth, the dissertation studies the origin relationship between Dan Fang Jing Yuan, the Taoism monograph in Song Dynasty and Zheng Lei Bencao, analyzes the situation of Dan Fang Jing Yuan citing Zheng Lei Bencao, and explores the influence of Zheng Lei Bencao on the publishment of Dan Fang Jing Yuan. Fifth, the dissertation studies the origin relationship between Tong Zhi-Kunchong Caomu Lv and Zheng Lei Bencao, and explores the values and errors of Tong Zhi-Kunchong Caomu Lv from the perspective of Zheng Lei Bencao. Sixth, this dissertation researches on the literature values of quoted fictions in Zheng Lei Bencao. the loss of test noint and the hidden dangers revealed in the medicine of the Song Dynasty. Seventh, this dissertation studies the evolutionary relationship from Zheng Lei Bencao to Compendium of Materia Medica, and uses the most earliest extant editions of Zheng Lei Bencao in our country to newly testify the errors in Compendium of Materia Medica.Zheng Lei Bencao has the following obviously academic characteristics. First, it has richness. Zheng Lei Bencao quotes the literature from different disciplines to corroborate drugs, showing the cross and inclusive features of academics in the Song Dynasty. Second, it has innovativeness. There are lots of innovations of herbalism in Zheng Lei Bencao, such as "using prescriptions to testify drugs", "using novels to prove the drugs" and so on, which reflects the new pattern of academics in the Song Dynasty seeking new changes. Third, it has normativeness. Zheng Lei Bencao indicates all sources of the quoted main herbal works in the history, making the Shen Nong Bencao Jing, Mingyi Bielu and other important works essentially be preserved.Zheng Lei Bencao in widely cites the literature from various subjects, at the same time, there is no discrimination, but some exaggerated false, and some literature with fantasy nature, which reflects the scientific herbal problems still exist in the Song Dynasty. In this regard, we should evaluate objectively from the perspective of history. Overall, Zheng Lei Bencao accumulates the herbal studies of over thousand of years before intermediate stage of Northern Song Dynasty, is a valuable heritage of traditional medicine, and still has important reference value on research on present traditional Chinese medicine.