Ion Beam Analysis Applications In Osteoporosis And Other Fields

Ion Beam Analysis techniques is a discipline that takes advantage of particle-matter interaction to determine the type and content of elements in the sample by measuring the energy and intensity of rays generated during the reaction. With the superiority of high sensitivity, accuracy and non-destructive to the sample etc., it is widely used in materials science, environmental sciences, life sciences, energy sciences, as well as areas of celestial bodies, geology and archeology and so on. It is very useful for the measurement of trace element. In practice, however, especially if a wide range of samples is analyzed, the precision and accuracy of quantitative measurements are adversely affected by uncertainty about the sample matrix composition, thickness, homogeneity and geometrical conditions. Therefore, how to solve the quantitative problems is very crucial in Ion Beam Analysis.Osteoporosis, caused by an uncoupling of bone resorption from bone formation, is an exploding 21st century problem of an aging population. The internationally agreed description of osteoporosis is:’A systemic skeletal disease characterised by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture’. Among many anti-osteoporosis drugs, strontium ranelate, as the main object of the strontium salt, becomes a research focus in recent years. It plays the dual role on the treatment of osteoporosis by depressing bone resorption and maintaining bone formation, resulting in a prevention of bone loss and increase in bone mass and strength. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that low doses of strontium ranelate can produce significant therapeutic effect without adverse effects, which provides the basis for the strontium salt into clinical applications. As we know, strontium is one of the essential trace elements. Because strontium and calcium are in the same main group, their metabolism is very similar to each other. In this article, based on the absorption metabolism of strontium in bone, we used micro-PIXE and RBS methods simultaneously. The qualitative and quantitative results show that:strontium ranelate would be a promising therapeutic agent to treat osteoporosis and the contour of the distribution of Sr is similar to that of Ca, while Sr is not evenly distributed in the bone which probably indicated that strontium is selectively uptaken in newly formed bone packets. Moreover, compared with taken along with Caltrate D, the curative effect in osteoporosis treatment is more significant when strontium ranelate was taken alone. Besides, the ratio of Ca/P in tibiais approximate to 2.0 in all the groups depending on the different administrated drugs. It could be conclude that it has no adverse effects on bone mineralization with the absorption of strontium. Moreover, O/C ratio in the groups administrated with strontium salts is almost the same with the control, while it becomes larger in the osteoporosis group and Caltrate D group. Therefore, probably, strontium salts are able to improve the separation between the collagen and minerals on bone, which is a significant component of osteoporosis.The study on the uptake of rare earth elements in Euglena cells is of great significance in pollution prevention and biological mining aspects. By the investigation of neodymium cations Nd3+accumulation in Euglena gracilis by external micro-PIXE, it would be concluded that not only are Nd ions able to traverse the channel and entre the interior of the cell, but also probably replace Ca2+ on protein in binding sites as well as have antagonistic action with the Mg2+ ions in chlorophyll according to the reduction of its concentration, enriching in chloroplasts.Besides the life sciences, the Ion Beam Analysis techniques are also widely used in the field of geology. In Zunyi, the content of noble metal elements in the deposits is relatively low and possibly small mineral particles dispersed in different types of minerals, however, Ion Beam Analysis techniques still showed its unique advantage in the research on the mode of occurrence of the noble metal elements. In this article, by the investigation of the Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic layers of black shales in zunyi by micro-PIXE, it is the first time showed that the micro-distribution of element Pd in minerals in situ. Additionally, the results suggest that besides Pd’s thiophilicity, there are probably two forms to its mode of occurrence:isomorphism or independent nanometer-scale mineral grains. Information about the distributions of other elements in the ore in micro-situ has also been visually represented.