| Objectives:Treatise on Febrile Diseases written by Zhang Zhongjing is one of the most important classics in Chinese medicine sector. It has been the hot topic studied by scholars since a thousand years ago. We can say that nearly all words of Treatise on Febrile Diseases have been discoursed by the scholars from the literature to clinic and from the test data to pharmacology. But until today, we still cannot interpret all problems in it thoroughly.In the face of such a treasure, the author choose the fundamental thinking way to do studies, hunting for the thinking way used by Zhang Zhongjing to found Guizhi soup. The author tries to explain why Zhongjing wrote such a book in the Eastern Han Dynasty and why its prescriptions work until today. Since a hundred years ago, as Western medicine began to flourish in the world, the status of traditional medicine in Egypt, India, Arab and other countries has lowered, while the Chinese medicine still continue to move forward in theory and practice. Except for Japan and other Eastern countries, South Korea, Southeast Asia and people in other parts also like traditional Chinese medicine and making exchanges about it. Besides, Chinese medicine gradually has more active contact with the world. The reason why traditional Chinese medicine has such a charm is that it has its own unique medical theory. It believes that the human body is an indivisible whole, thus avoiding the mechanical thinking way of taking stop-gap measures. Chinese medicine that contains the glorious oriental wisdom and cultural science of Chinese nation has attracted more and more world attention.Today, the development of Chinese medicine has encountered different problems in different levels and aspects. The author thinks that we should firmly grasp the core of Chinese medicine fundamentally- correct TCM philosophy way of thinking, and conduct research, summarize and improve it. Only by that can researchers be encouraged to find a transcending thinking way, combining new development results of modern technology and traditional Chinese medicine together and also combining the rich clinical experience of predecessors and people’s demand of health in the new era, thus making traditional Chinese medicine gain new vitality.If TCM is a natural and mature natural science system, then how its logical system is presented? Through researches, we will know there is a big difference between the logical system of traditional Chinese medicine and that of Western medicine. The former logical system is closely related to Chinese traditional philosophy, possessing the characteristics of dialectics, logical analogy and interpretation. The most important issue is that some basic concepts at the earliest stage when theories form need sorting out, which certainly contains the basic proposition of Chinese philosophy and some theoretical propositions in the clinical findings. We need to constantly go back and test these initial propositions. Only by sorting them out can we realistically answer the questions that "where does Chinese medical theory come from", "what is the basis of Chinese medicine theory" and other fundamental issues. We will also know what exactly the difference is between Chinese medicine and other learning, and understand the next development direction of our discipline.Only by making clear the thinking way of Chinese medicine can we have next comparative studies of Western philosophy and logic. This research chooses the prescription of using Philosophical to explain Chinese medicine, providing a path for this discussion.Methods:It belongs to literature research, using the research methods of traditional literature research and clinical medical records. Because it is the interpretation of Guizhi soup based on the philosophical principles, traditional literature are mainly from ancient medical literature and the important thought and culture works in the Pre-Qin and two Han Dynasties. The experience collecting data of Professor Li Saimei applying Guizhi soup comes from the information collected from her three-year constant diagnosis, related published books written by her and the recordings and lecture notes in her classes. From them, the author finds for materials related to this research topic to do collection and analysis.Results:After the systematic study and combined with historical documents, we draw the relevant conclusions about TCM thinking way based on the philosophical interpretation of Guizhi soup. For example, through studies, the legislation of Guizhi soup shows the whole concept of ancient philosophy, the thought of gas monism, attaining the state of equilibrium and harmony, keeping silent and giving after seizing. This paper analyzes the inner meaning of Guizhi soup from the multiple aspects of philosophy and gradually strips the shell of Chinese medicine, trying to show the unique thinking way of Chinese medicine. This is a new research thinking line.The emphasis of ancient Chinese philosophy on the holistic view makes that the traditional Chinese medicine can integrally and comprehensively grasp diseases, although it can’t make clear certain problems on human bodies just like Western medicine. It believes that diseases are caused by the unbalance between the small universe of human bodies and the big universe of surrounding environment, making diseases individualized. And, according to the balance and alternate repeat in Yin-Yang time, diseases can be cured based on the deductive theory of Yin Yang and the five elements and syndrome differentiation of the six meridians. Besides, TCM successfully incorporates mental illness into the theoretical system, having a profound understanding of the relationship between seven emotions and diseases. Chinese medicine has a strong power of humane care, because Chinese medicine pays attention to the coordination relationship between human bodies and environment and thanks to the thought of TCM Prevention and Control. Compared with Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine theory comes from the generalization of experience and speculation, therefore, it is comprehensive, holistic, vague and non-quantitative, while Western theory comes from the experimental induction, so it is analytic, local, clear and quantitative.TCM is good at taking both people and the environment into account, and its thinking pattern has a reticular structure, while that of Western medicine has a chain structure. A series of judgments can be finished according to the original proposition and through a deductive reasoning chain. These features constitute the large differences between the thinking way of Chinese and Western medicine.Western medicine often thinks that diseases have one or several causes. So, as long as the corresponding pathogen is removed, the disease will be cured. Chinese medicine tends to grasp human’s integrity and even the relationship between man and nature, so TCM diagnoses and treats diseases according to the indications of the comprehensive functional condition of the whole body. "Syndrome" used by Chinese medicine just represents a comprehensive functional status of the human body and it can be considered as a whole syndrome medicine And one of the commonly used techniques in contemporary Western medicine is detaching, namely, breaking the problem into several small parts. Sometimes, overdue emphasis on detaching will lead to forgetting to reassemble these small parts. If only paying attention to the things themselves and ignoring the correlation between things, it will lead to that some problems are solved while more problems are produced.Just like all Western sciences, such examples have been very common in Western life science and medicine fields since a hundred years ago. In early 20th century, penicillin was discovered, which had a surprising ability of controlling infection. However, its wide application made more and more bacteria become medicine-resistant. To the end of the century, the conventional dose of penicillin was almost impossible to individually control common infections and super-infection and drug-resistant infections threatened humans again. Virus springs along with humans’resistance because of its changing characteristics. R&D of vaccine also accelerates the variation of the virus strain, making the treatment of virus always in a passive position. Medicine has solved many human diseases and also brought the social problem of population aging and numerous psychological disorders attendant. Development of molecular biology and genetic biology brings great development prospect for human to win diseases. However, it also artificially creates many new disease risks. Once variation or loss of control, the disaster will also be enormous.Therefore, the philosophical foundation of reflection medicine is of great significance. If strengths of the two medicines are combined, they will surely have a better development. Professor Li Saimei has been committed to teaching and clinic for decades, achieving fruitful results and having a good reputation in school and community. By studying the medicine teaching records of Professor Li Saimei and her other academic information, this study more completely summarizes her clinical thinking line by using Guizhi soup. It uses progressive ways to summarize and generalize the clinical experience of Professor Li Meisai, analyzing her awareness of disease development. And for the first time it sorts out the combined prescription and pair herbs used by her and deeply interpret the unique method of medicine administration and thinking way when professor Li uses Guizhi soup, moving another step forward in sorting out her clinical experience.Results:By interpreting Guizhi soup based on the philosophical principles, this paper has tapped the unique thinking way of Chinese medicine contained in Guizhi soup. This kind of thinking way is deeply influenced by Chinese traditional philosophy and differentiates Chinese medicine from medicines in other parts of the world. Chinese medicine has a unique ideological core. To promote the development of Chinese medicine, we should continue to root out the basic categories and the basic thinking way of medicine. Besides, we should also learn from the achievements of modern science and technology, implementing the advances of new theories and practices in Chinese medicine.Professor Li Saimei is good at using different concentrations of Guizhi soup to cure clinical diseases, having achieved remarkable results. This paper studies and arranges the unique experience of Professor Li using Guizhi soup as well as completely sums up the paired herbs and combined prescriptions used with Guizhi soup together by her. It plays a positive role in further studying and sorting out her clinical experience. |
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