| Objective:Valvular Heart Diseases (VHD) is a common disease with high death rate and pooroutcome and it not only endangered people’s life but also influenced the quality of life ofpeople and at the same time, it brought heavy burden and pressure to the family andsociety. With improved of diagnosis and treatment technology of cardiovascular disease,the early mortality of cardiovascular disease has greatly reduced, which was high fatalityrate in acute phase of heart disease in the past. However, the incidence and mortality ratesof heart valve disease which still threat seriously to human health has still high.Andtherefore to realize fully the present situation of heart valve disease, to diagnose thisdisease in time and to definite clearly its etiology is the precondition of specific therapy.This study is order to investigate prevalence and distribution of valvular heart diseaseamong adult population in different ethnic groups in Xiniang region, to analyze possiblerisk factors and the correlation between valvular heart disease and carotid atherosclerosis,giving some reliable epidemiological data for the diagnosis and treatment strategies ofvalvular heart disease.Materials and methods:(1) Study of prevalence and distribution among adult population in different ethnicgroups in Xinjiang: To investigate the prevalence and distributing feature of heartvalvular diseases (VHD) in Xinjiang adult population: Four-stage selected randomsamples from age35and over were used to analyze the prevalence and distributingfeature of heart valvular diseases in different nationality, age, sex and the sampled adultpopulation were collected6locality (Urumqi, Kelamayi, Fukang, the Turfan Basinlocality, Hetian locality, Altay locality, Yili Hazakh autonomous prefecture) from23municipalities,7locality and5autonomous county in Xinjiang. The proportion of male to female accounted for50%.Every subject filled a questionnaire and received Dopplerechocardiographic examination for an observation of the function of valve, opening andclosing activities of valve and evaluating degree of valvular stenosis and valvularregurgitation. Statistic analysis and calculate the prevalence and distribution of valvularheart disease in different sexes, different ethnic groups and different age groups amongadult population in Xinjiang, as well as to analyzed complications of cardiovasculardisease in different populations.(2) Epidemiological cross-sectional survey of correlated factors and prevalence ondegenerated valvular heart diseases among older population in different ethnic groups inXinjiang: The same population were enrolled and60years old or above individuals wererandomly selected. And then the sample individuals were divided into different ethnicgroups, different age groups, different sex groups.The sampled population were collected6locality (Urumqi, Ke lamayi, Fu kang, the Turfan Basin locality, He tian locality, Altaylocality, Yi li Hazakh autonomous prefecture) from23municipalities and7locality and5autonomous county in Xin jiang. Each individual filled a questionnaire and receivedDoppler echocardiographic examination for an observation of the function of valve,opening and closing activities of valve and evaluating degree of valvular stenosis andvalvular regurgitation. A logistic regression analysis is also made to identify possible riskfactors with SDVHD and to analyze relationship between hypertension and valvecalcification.(3) Study on the correlation between degenerative valvular heart disease and carotidatherosclerosis: The same population were enrolled and each individual received Dopplerultrsonic examination for observation of the heart and carotid artery. To statistic analyzeand calculate of the prevalence of CAS and DVHD and relationship between CAS andDVHD.Result:(1) The prevalence of valvular heart disease was7.67%(male:7.31%vs female:8.00%). The prevalence of valvular heart disease was10.57%,2.36%, and12.22%inHan, Uygur and Kazakh population, respectively. The prevalence of valvular heartdisease was more lower in Uygur than Hazak and Han people. Among Uygur population,the prevalence of valvular heart disease was more higher in urban areas than inagricultural and pastoral areas.The differences of prevalence of valvular heart diseaseamong Han and Kazakh population between in urban areas and in agricultural and pastoral areas was no statistically significant. Common complications of valvular heartdisease was hypertension (63.2%), diabetes (7.6%), coronary heart disease (7.5%), andfibrillation atrial (3.2%).(2) The prevalence of senile degenerative valvular heart disease among older peoplein Xinjiang is9.0%, of which males taked10.2%while females taked14.7%.Amongthem, there are significant difference between different age groups, and there aresignificant difference between different gender, and there are significant differencebetween different nationalities population. In all341cases of calcificated valve, aoticvalvular calcification is67.4%of, mitral valve calcification is17.9%of, mitral valvewith combined aotic valvular calcification is14.7%of. Most common types of valvecalcification among male and female population are aortic valve calcification; there areno significant difference between male and female. Most of valvular calcification in Hanpeople and Kazkh people were aotic valve calcification, and valvular calcification inUygur people were aotic valve calcification and mitral valve with combined aoticvalvular calcification, taked of44.7%, respectively. The prevalence of valve calcificationis higher in hypertension groups in different gender and different ethnic groups, and theprevalence of hypertension is higher in valve calcification groups.Logistic regressionanalysis showed that the risk factors of SDVHD are age, nationality, smoking,hypertension and heart failure.(3) The prevalence rates of CAS among adult people in Xinjiang were35.5%androse with increasing age. In non-carotid atherosclerosis group, The prevalence rate ofvalvular calcification in non-carotid atherosclerosis groups is2.5%, and the prevalencerate of valvular calcification in carotid atherosclerosis groups is3.7%, and the differenceof prevalence between the two groups was statistically significant.The prevalence rate ofCAS in non-valvular calcification is35.2%, and the prevalence rate of CAS in valvularcalcification is45.1%, and the difference of prevalence between the two groups wasstatistically significant.Conclution:(1) The prevalence rates of valvular heart disease increased substantially with age.There was difference between different nationalities and areas. Common complicationsof valvular heart disease was hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease andfibrillation atrial.(2) The prevalence of SDVHD increased substantially with age.crease of age. The fact that valvular calcification groups had higher prevalence rate of hypertension and thathypertension groups had higher prevalence rate of valvular calcification, suggested thatthe two diseases may be related to each other.SDVHD risk factors include age,nationality, smoking, hypertension, and heart failure.(3) The prevalence rates of CAS among the adult population in Xinjiang rose withincreasing age. The fact that carotid atherosclerosis groups had higher prevalence rate ofheart valvular calcification and that heart valvular calcification groups had higherprevalence rate of carotid atherosclerosis, suggested that the two diseases may be relatedto each other. |
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