Fundamental Research On Linear Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Actuation Principle For Fuze And Its Applications

Ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is a novel device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy base on the inverse piezoelectric effect. The ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator has lots of advantages such as small volume, low weight, compact structure, fast response, high position resolution and no electromagnetic interference. The advent of new materials, new technology and new principle can promote some engineering applications. Thus, the ultrasonic piezoelectric driving principle will provide opportunities to the development of relevant technology. The development of fuze technology with excellent compatibility, can closely track and actively adopt new technologies, and continually innovates itself to form its own characteristics. The ultrasonic piezoelectric principle is applied into the safe and arm device to provide a new means for the design of arming actuator in this article. It can be practical for the improving the controllability of the muzzle safe distance, reversible changing of the fuze safe state and non-destructive test. Additionally, the fuze with ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is easy to realize modularization and improve the universality of fuze. The theoretical and experimantal research on anti-high-overloading perfomance of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is carried out. The research can provide theoretical foundation and technical support for the application of ultrasonic piezoelectric driving principle in weapon system.Considering the application background of fuze, the scheme of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is determinated. The structure of the linear ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator for the fuze is designed, and then the working mode of the stator is determined. Furthermore, the motion mechanism of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is analyzed. Finally, the expressions of output mechanical performance of the actuator are theoretically deduced. According to the limitation of the fuze’s size, the initial dimensions of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator are determined, and parametric modeling of the stator of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuators is established through finite element software. Taking the consistence of the two-phase mode frequency as the optimized target, the stator structure is optimized designed and the final dimensions are obatained.For the limited space available in fuze, the LC resonance circuit is built via matching an appropriate inductance to the equivalent capacitance of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuators, realizing the line ultrasonic actuators applied in fuze without transformer; Based on the principle of LC resonance booster structures, the driving circuit of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator for the fuze is fabricated. The driving circuit with small volume and simple structure is practical and reliable.The prototype of safe and arm device with ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator, including the clamping structure, the preload force device and other components, is designed and fabricated. The processing technology of the stator and the selection of the friction material for the slider is analyzeed. Via the sweep test and vibration modal test for the stator, the correctness of the parameters optimization of the stator is validated. The output speed and force of the actuator is tested. The results show that the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuators can meet the requirements of the fuze.The theoretical and experimantal research on anti-high-overloading perfomance of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is carried out. The influence of typical fuze environmental forces during service process and launching process on ultrasonic piezoelectric actuators is analyzed. It is verified through the simulation and experiment that the piezoelectric actuators can withstand the typical fuze environmental forces. In addition, the effect of the fuze thermal and humid storage environment on ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is studied, and the corresponding measures to eliminate these adverse effects are proposed. It is indicated that these measures can improve the stability of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuators in the thermal and humid storage environment.The controllability of muzzle safe distance and the realization of reversible state are analyzed according to the request of the muzzle safe distance. The nondestructive testing structure of the fuze state is designed. The nondestructive testing structure can detect the fuze in a safe state or not via determining the location of explosion-proof slider which is judged through the variation of light intensity received by the photo resistor. The logical safety of the safe and arm device is analyzed. The four logical structures using two independent safety parts are presented, and the safety of each logical structure is analyzed. The logical structure with proper order and time window has the highest safety. Additionally, the actual logical structure of the safe and arm device of the mortar is provided.This study verifies the feasibility and provides the research foundation of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuators applied in the fuze safety system in future.