Research On Urban Bus Dynamic Dispatching Theories And Methods

In recent years, with the rising of China’s comprehensive national strength, urban public transport rapid development. Comparing with advanced foreign countries and regions, there still is a large gap. The information, intelligent management and application level is the concentrated expression. Improving the urban public traffic environment and realizing the dynamic dispatching management of urban public traffic have the important theoretical significance and practical value.Bus dynamic dispatching management system is an combination of digital information collection, processing and network communication technology, the integrated use of GIS(geographic information system), communication, network, multimedia and computer technology. It deals the city public transportation system of information collection, storage and release, operation scheduling and bus priority with network management to implement the passenger flow change and vehicle running status real-time monitoring and bus resources optimization configuration, reasonable scheduling. This paper probes into the structure of the urban bus dynamic dispatching management framework, and discussion of the support system function implement. Through the study of dynamic management technology, to improve the city public traffic management level in our country, improve the environment for residents, in order to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion. Realizing the sustainable development of city and providing certain reference and reference.In this paper, starting from the basic features of city bus passenger flow and Xi ’an several routes as analysis object, summering the time of large and medium-sized city bus passenger flow distribution characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics and classification of summarizing the characteristics of regional distribution. It provides the basic theory to construction of city bus dynamic scheduling system.Application of bus IC card data of route traffic information is analyzed and calculated. An improved grey Markov model is proposed to predict the network traffic information. Using the least squares method and finite difference model parameters in the backlog vectors, a and b at the same time introducing boundary value correction factor and Markov accurate to weaken the negative impact of the discrete input data, to improves the prediction precision of line network traffic.At the same time, from the angle of improve the bus service level in surface, proposing bus dynamic information content, the release carrier and the information transmission and analyzing the release form and way of information updating. Considering road conditions, traffic load, vehicle factors, drivers and various influence factors and the normal road travel time, stop time and delay time three aspects, establishing the model that based on the BP neural network of bus travel time prediction. Taking xi ’an bus 207 as example, use the neural network toolbox in Matlab software and apply the survey data to network training. And use test sample of travel time to test the model by comparing the actual travel time with predicted results. The analysis results verify the effectiveness of the model and provide theoretical support for dynamic information release system for passenger bus and bus operation scheduling manage.Based on the introduction and analysis of the bus scheduling system model and scheduling form, taking the minimum delay of passenger waiting time and relatively uniform of bus full rate as the optimization goal, established bus schedule mode. Taking carriage utilization as a controlling parameter, optimizing the model solution, determine the optimal departure time of rush hour, and put forward the analysis model of the vehicle dynamic scheduling. By testing the effectiveness of the model through the data collected from bus line 13, the analysis result demonstrate that the application of the model for bus timetable, bus vehicle scheduling, can achieve circuit uniform distribution of passenger flow, effectively reduce the passenger waiting time cost, improve the efficiency of the scheduling, and under the condition of insufficient line vehicles, the vehicle scheduling model for vehicle dispatching management, can quickly restore lines front of the vehicle spacing, has certain practical value.Finally, aimed at the practical need of efficiency analysis of dynamic public transport management, the direct and indirect benefits analysis indicators was put forward. And discussed the comprehensive benefits in detail including reducing the mistake by losses, ticket prices drop, travel time savings, the transit share rate lift, freight cost savings and reducing traffic congestion. Taking Xi’an city as an case analysis, the calculation results show that the implementation of digital information management benefit is remarkable, and shows a good application prospect.