| Development and utilization of renewable energy is increasingly wide attention by theinternational society. Because of their characteristics, such as cleaning, widely distributed, and easy touse, wind power and photovoltaic power has become a research focus in the field of new energy. Windenergy and solar energy are complementary in time, energy storage way of them also can roll into one,so the wind-solar hybrid system, which is combination of wind power and solar power, not only canreduce the unit cost of the system, but also conducive to improve the reliability of power supply system,and is more adapt to the demand of the market. Current wind-solar hybrid system mostly supply poweras an independent power supply system, for the communication stations, microwave stations, borderposts, remote mountainous areas, pastoral areas and island residents. With the progress of technology,costs of raw materials and equipment are reducing, so the beautiful scenery of the use of cleanwind-solar hybrid system has been know and accept by more and more people, and the applicationscope is becoming more and more widely.Wind-solar hybrid system is not the simple combination of wind power and photovoltaic power,but to consider a series of complex factors. These factors include location, weather conditions,equipment characteristics and load requirements, etc. Therefore, wind-solar hybrid system design is acomplex task, its main goal is reasonable choice and configuration of wind power and photovoltaicpower capacity in order to make full use of solar and wind energy complementary to each other, andchoose the battery capacity depending on the load requirement. And on the basis of guarantee thereliability of the system, its goal is try to reduce the system cost. This can be summarized as anoptimization design problem with constraints.This paper revolves around to the subject of optimization design of wind-solar hybrid system.Firstly six domestic areas with different geographical position and climate characteristics were choosed,and the wind energy and solar energy resources condition was analyzed with many years ofmeteorological observation data; According to the analysis on characteristics of the power of windturbines and photovoltaic cells, the power output model of wind power and photovoltaic power was setup; Then using optimization theory and methods, the mathematical model of wind-solar hybrid systemoptimization design was set up, and the genetic algorithm was use with integer constraint to solve thesystem optimization problems and analysis; Finally a software for wind-solar hybrid system optimization design was designed and developedIn this paper, the main research contents include:1. Based on the meteorological daily data from1981to2010of meteorological stations in Beijing,Harbin, wuhan, guangzhou, kunming and urumqi, where the six area is located in the differentgeographical location and climate area, wind energy resources were statistical analyzed, resource statusin different areas were compared, and the variation of resources were analyzed and compared accordingto month. The results show that the difference of wind energy resources in different area was clear, thewhole north China, northeast China and northwest China region has relatively abundant wind energyresources, while central China, south China and southwest China region relatively scarce; Wind energyresources from more to less order were Harbin, Beijing, urumqi, kunming, wuhan and guangzhou;Spring all the year round in most sites has the largest wind speed.2. The average-maximum method is used to solve the parameters of Weibull distribution of windspeed, and the wind energy resources around the country were further analyzed; Then based on thecharacteristics of wind turbine power, the wind power generation model was set up, and the local windpower potential is calculated and analyzed. Results show that agreed with the local wind resourceassessment results, Harbin has the highest total annual power generation of wind machine, the second isin urumqi and Beijing, kunming of wind power is less, the least amount of wind power is in wuhan andguangzhou.3. Based on the solar radiation daily data from1981to2010of meteorological stations in Beijing,Harbin, wuhan, guangzhou, kunming and urumqi, amount of solar radiation to different angle ofinclined plane was measured. Results show that solar radiation in the higher latitudes has obviousfluctuations between summer and winter, summer of radiation is much higher than in winter; While thelow latitudes of radiation changes within a year is relatively small; Photovoltaic array tilted can balancewell radiation fluctuation in winter and summer, which make the radiation change amplitude decreasesin a year.4. Research of the relationship between solar radiation and sunshine duration, the BP neuralnetwork is adopted to establish the prediction model of total solar radiation day; Based on an equivalentcircuit model and the correction formula of photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic energy output modelwas established, and the photovoltaic power generation potential in the different areas was calculatedand analyzed. Results show that using the sunshine time estimates of total solar radiation is feasible, andBP neural network model has good adaptability; The annual average photovoltaic power generation indifferent areas is different; In most sites the photovoltaic power generation is higher in the summer thanin winter, while in kunming photovoltaic power generation in spring is higher.5. According to the design requirements of wind-solar hybrid system, using the optimization theoryand method, the optimization design mathematical model of wind-solar hybrid system is established. Design variables were the number of wind turbine, the number of photovoltaic, the number of storagebattery and photovoltaic array angle, the objective function was the lowest cost, the main constraint isthe load rate of power shortage. In the model the battery power was obtained by using the time seriesmethod, respectively, according to two kinds of load, the genetic algorithm with integral constraint wascarried out to solve the model. Results show that the mathematical model can better meet the needs ofthe system optimization design; Genetic algorithm applied to such a complex nonlinear constrainedoptimization problem has good applicability.6. Based on the requirement of different load, the wind-solar hybrid systems in different sites wereoptimization designed, then the power output was simulated and the power supply reliability and powersupply cost was analyzed. Results show that the volatility of wind and solar power were the maininfluence factors, which will not only directly lead the lack of electricity load rate to higher, but alsoindirectly increase the system cost; In addition to Harbin rely mainly on wind power, other places relymainly on photovoltaic power; And with a lot of wind and solar energy resources, Harbin power supplycost is the lowest.7. Using the computer software development technology and database technology, based on theWindows platform, a set of wind-solar hybrid system optimization design software was designed anddeveloped. |
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