Research On The Realization Of Far-field Optical Nanoscopy Using Manipulation Of Light Field

The visible light, which is responsible for the sense of sight, is regarded as the most critical channel of information acquisition for human beings. It is not surprising that the devices of optical measurement and imaging plays significant roles in the development of science and technology. However, for a long term, due to the diffractive nature of light, it is impossible to infinitely enhance the resolution of optical systems. Meanwhile, it is imperatively expected to fundamentally break the far-field diffration limit and further enhance the resolution in various desciplines, such as biology, medicine and material researches. Optical super-resolution imaging, which has recently experienced rapid growth, will result in applications in many domains and benefit these fields evidently. Nevertheless, present methods and techniques still have many drawbacks. Hence, further researches are still required and have attracted increasing global interest,In this dissertation, I proposed a series of novel methods to break the optical diffraction limit using optical field manipulation theories. The theoretical structure of this dissertation fundamentally stemed from the Fourier anaysis of the optical imaging system. From this point of view, super-resolution imaging could actually be regarded as a process that one attempts to obtain the high frequency components beyond the limitation of the passing band. To achieve this target, two diverse methods, frequency shift and frequency scale extension, were proposed, and their effects were experimentally confirmed. Besides, the potential influence of other aspects, such as the redistribution of the frequency component and the noise, were also evaluated, and the optimization ways were demonstrated in the following content.The chief content of this dissertation includes:In Chapter1,I reviewed the contributions of different researchers who identified the diffractive barrier and attempted to realize optical super-resolution nanoscopy, while the state-of-the-art achievements were briefly summarized.I also gave a short induction on the content of the rest parts of this dissertation.In Chapter2,1introduced the theoretical fundamentals mentioned in this dissertation.In Chapter3, the method of frequency scale extension and its experimental realization were demonstrated.In Chapter4, the method of frequency shift and its experimental realization were demonstrated.In Chapter5, other aspects besides the band width were discussed, and the optimization ways were proposed.In Chapter6, a summary was made to this dissertation, and the outlook of this project was also briefly discussed.