Study On Decision-making Mechanism Of Highway Scale Based On The Highway Users And Government

Highway is critical infrastructure for social–economic development, the reasonablehighway scale is an important prerequisite for significant social–economic belefits, how todetermine the reasonable highway scale becomes the important subject which theory andpractice circle focus on. By analyzing the existing literature, more literature study highwayscale from the perspective of macroscopic government regulation, few literature studyhighway scale from the perspective of microscopic market mechanisms, the coexistence ofmarket mechanism and government regulation is an important feature of socialist marketeconomy, market mechanisms can better adapt to the dynamics and uncertainty of economicenviroment and resouce configuration, realize efficient the optimal allocation of resouceincluding the transportation.The study on the main line of highway scale from theperspective of macroscopic government regulation are as follows: one is that highway scaleis planned according to minimum travel cost or minimum travel time based on accuratetraffic data; two is that highway scale is planned by disaggregate model with the assumptionof the maximum individual utility; three is that models are directly built basec on therelationship between highway scale and external factors. The defects of highway scale fromthe perspective of macroscopic government regulation are as follows: on the one hand,highway subjects are not considered; on the other hand, resource scarcity is ignored,highway only is part of social–economic life, economic agents realize maximum utility byallocating limited resouce to all economic activities including highway investment. Thehighway planning based on the existing theory causes more incoordination in practice:government expands scale of toll highway with the heavy debt burden and the lowefficiency of toll highway, while highway users call for the fewer toll highway. Marketing isan effective resource allocation mechanism which contacts independent interests and actorsby circulation and prices, which overcomes the defects of highway scale theory from theperspective of macroscopic government regulation and can fully consider thedecision-making process of the highway users and government under the scarceresources.How to regulate the highway scale by market mechanism? How do differenthighway subjects make decision on highway scale with capital limitation? What are thereasons and countermeasures of incordination in highway practice? The above problemsneed to be solve urgently.In order to study regulation mechanism of market to highway scale, by drawing lessonsfrom ideas of Western economics studying economic behavior of economic agents and research methods how to analyze human behavior by economic theory from the book《Economic Analysis of Human Behavior》written by Gary Stanley Becker, this paperdiscusses decision-making process how do highway subjects realize maximum utility andequilibrium conditions of highway subjects, finds the way for market mechanism to regulatehighway scale.In order to study decision-making mechanism to highway scale with highway subjects’capital limitation, this paper builds Binary logit model with highway users’ capitallimitation and analyzes impact mechanism of price to rural highway and toll highway byfigures; this paper builds decision-making model of rural highway to realize the maximumutility of service government; this paper applies research methods of Gary Stanley Becker tohighway scale decision of government, and analyzes the related factors of affecting highwayscales by figures; by drawing social marginal revenue and marginal cost of government,marginal revenue and marginal cost of highway operating enterprise, this paper analyzesdecision-making mechanism of toll highway structure and put forward the scope of thepreferential policies; builds decision-making model of toll operation highway according tothe maximum profit of highway operating enterprise.In order to study the reasons and countermeasures of incordination in highway practice,based on highway users’ decision-making mechanism of highway scale and government’sdecision-making mechanism of highway scale, the study shows that the reasons ofcontradiction between demand and supply of toll highway are the different utility functionand budget line slope between government and highway users, futher put forward a series ofcounermeasures.