The Synthesis And Capacitive Performance Of Crystalline Carbon/Conducting Polymer Hybrid Materials

Supercapacitors, as electrochemical energy storage devices, are playing important roles in storing energy. The electrode materials determine the energy storage performance and application areas of supercapacitors, so the considerable researches have been devoted to exploit novel high-performance electrode materials. In this thesis, we focus on the low-cost, environmental friendliness, and well process ability carbon materials and conducting polymers electrode materials. A series of carbon-conducting polymer hybrid electrode materials were designed and prepared based on the understanding of the storage mechanisms of different electrode materials and the relation between material structure and capacitive performance. The hybrid electrode materials of supercapacitors with function-oriented design, synthesis by structure regulation and optimization of capacitive performance were realized. The main research contents in this paper are as follows:1. Based on the expanded graphite(EG) skeleton, the graphene-like nanosheets/PANI(PANI/EG), graphene-like nanosheets/PPy(PPy/EG) and graphene-like nanosheets/PEdot(PEdot/EG) interlayer hybrids were synthesized by vacuum-assisted in situ chemical oxidation polymerization method. The formation mechanism of graphene-like nanosheets/conducting polymer hybrids and the synergistic effect between EG and conducting polymers were studued by characteristics of structure and morphology. The capacitive performance of the hybrids was optimized by regulating and controling the structure of the composite.2. The 2D quasi-ordered nitrogen-enriched porous carbon(QNPC) hybrids with the characteristics of an ultrathin graphite nanosheets framework and thick quasi-ordered nitrogen-doped carbon cladding with porous textures were synthesized via an in-situ polymerization assembly method. The improved capacitive performance of QNPC hybrids come from the synergistic effect of the above factors. This approach of fabricate heteroatom doping carbon-based materials is universal applicability, which could used to synthesize the same type of composites from carbon based conducting polymer interlayer hybrids.3. The interconnected worm-like polyaniline coated N-enriched CNF hybrids were synthesized via a vacuum-assisted in situ chemical oxidation polymerization method. The carbon nanofiber(CNF) prepared from PPy precursor was used as carbon skeleton, and the tower-like PANI coated on the surface of CNF homogeneous. The effect of interconnected worm-like structural characteristics and the synergistic effect between CNF and PANI for the capacitive performance of hybrids were studied.