| As the biggest developing country,China has the rapid development of economy and the expansion of the population.There are certain contradiction between urbanization and ecological environment protection.The total urban green space are linited.How to play the maximum effect of green space has become prominent problem. Different parts of the city greening status is not homogeneous, and condition of green space of the location has the certain differences. And this difference affects the effect of urban green space to adjust thermal environment. Contrapose the regional difference of green space can improve the cooling effect of green space.But few studies from the perspective of location condition in existing studies of urban green space cooling effect.This research based on geographic information system technology and remote sensing technology and other technical means, on the basis of the theory of ecological niche theory and landscape ecology, obtain land surface temperature information with single window algorithm. As the research area of Beijing, research the UHI in Beijing for nearly 10 years. Then from the perspective of green space demand, research the method of ecological niches based on green space demand. Finally, for haidian district as an example, makes an empirical analysis and ecological niches division.Research the urban green cooling effect in different ecological niches. The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) The city of Beijing has an obviously urban heat island.It transfered from west to east in 2003 to 2014.The proportion of extremely temperature is small.The intensity of heat island is decreased in 2009 and increased in 2014. The proportion of extremely temperature is small in different directions and different main function zonings.It changed consistent with the the center of gravity of city development.(2) Establish green demand degree of evaluation indexes into consideration of green space present situation, the thermal environment status and the contribution to the heat produced by human activity factors. Construction of green space demand composite index and divison ecological niches on this basis. The method from the perspective of green space requirements, combinate of a variety of factors and make up the insufficient of common partition methods.(3) The perimeter and area of green space is negatively correlated with the temperature of green space and the shape is positively correlation. Influence degree of shape is stronger than area. The perimeter and area of green space is positively correlation with the scope of influence of green space and the shape is negatively correlated. Influence degree of area is stronger in high green space demand area and to reduce with green space demand. Influence degree of shape is stronger than area in low green space demand area. According to the characteristics of green patches and the scope of the relational model, calculated the best green area in the different ecological niches scope, can provide a reference for different ecological niches of green space planning adjustment.(4) The maximum cooling distance in high,mid and low green space areas is respectively 150m,200m and 150-300m. The maximum cooling distance is nearer in high green space areas. Within the scope of 100m,the cooling rate of green space is lower in high green space areas and higher in low green space areas.It has no obvious regularity when the distance beyond 100m.(5) The size of green space is negatively correlated with the temperature of green space but it has no obvious regularity in different ecological niches. Patch density, landscape shape index and fragmentation of green space is negatively correlated with the temperature of green space. Connection and concentration of green space is positively correlated with the temperature of green space.The change of temperature is increase with the decline of green space demand. |
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